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generally means young or green wood. Sometimes it will mean 

 white a colour. There are many combinations of white ; there 

 is whit, with, wit, wid, as Whitehead,' white cop, Whitaker, 

 Whitacre, Whitwam, Whitam, Witham, acre, aker— cultivated 

 lands ; Whitaker — woody cultivated land. Whitam and 

 Witham mean green village or wooded village. This word with, 

 carries more the idea of a plantation, young hazels, willows, and 

 saplings ; " and they bound him with withs,'' that is willow, or 

 sapling. The same idea obtains in the preposition " with." Will 

 you go with me ? — that is united to me, bound to me ; I will go 

 without you — not bound to you, free, not withed to you. There are 

 many names in the forest given by birds. There is Foulridge — 

 the bird hill. 



" In somer when the shawes be sheyne. 

 And leves be large and long, 

 Hit is fuUe merry in feyre foreste. 

 To hear the foulys song." 



There is Dunnockshaw ; Dunnock — hedge sparrow ; shaw — 

 wood. Crowshaw — crow wood. Noggarth, Nog or Knag-rough 

 or rugged hill top, and garth a small enclosure, so that Noggarth 

 means a garden in a rough hill. In a deed (1553) where Richard 

 Assheton, of Downham, and John BraddyU, of Braddyll, pur- 

 chased for the sum of £2,132 3s. 9d. all the demesne and manor 

 of Whalley, and the lands called Whalley Park, and all the capital 

 house and site of the said late monastery of Whalley, with the 

 guest house, the common stable, the fernery garths, the kitchen 

 garths, the prior's orchard, the abbot's orchard, the procter's 

 orchard, the abbot's kitchen garths, the procters stable, &c., you 

 have the word garth in this deed just turning into garden. 

 Reedley Hallows is our friend Riddihalgh, with meadow between, 

 that is royded or ridden meadow hills. Huntroyd means a clear- 

 ing sufficient for a Hunt. The word Royle has given me some 

 trouble. In very old documents it is written Rohille ; now Ro is 

 the species of red deer of that name, and hill, so that it means 

 deer hill. If so, Royle must have extended a considerable dis- 

 tance towards Burnley. In the farm accounts in 1296 tJiere 

 occurs an item of received 7s. 9d. for one workhorse and 17 oxen 

 agisted (that is pastured) in Rohille ; also a disbursement for 

 " repairing the palling about the fish pond and the fence about 

 Rohille." In the same account there is a payment of 9s. Id. paid 

 for making anew and erecting a cross in the market of Burnley. 

 I am afraid this item puts aside the notion that the old cross was 

 erected to commemorate the visit of Paulinus. But since the 

 cross was renewed in 1296 the old cross must have been erected 

 very early indeed, unless some accident had happened to it. 

 There is no mention of accident in the item. New Church in 

 Pendle explains itself, but I think New Church applies to the 



