45 
poet refers to Bolton Abbey. There is a tradition that when 
the family of the Nortons of Rylstone were executed for taking 
part in a rebellion, called the rebellion of the Northern Earls 
in the time of Queen Elizabeth, there remained a daughter, . 
who, driven from her home, formed a companionship with a 
white doe. In company with this animal she wandered 
about the neighbourhood, and frequently visited Bolton Abbey 
churchyard where her eldest and most beloved brother 1s 
buried. The tradition is that after her death the white doe 
still continued to come to visit this grave, and Wordsworth’s 
references to Bolton Abbey are interwoven with this tradition. 
This graveyard was one of Cox’s favourite sketching places when 
he painted a near view of the Abbey. The mouldering grave- 
stones harmonise so well with the ruined abbey that they form 
themselves into a picture. But in addition to this the northern 
transept breaks the long line of the Abbey church. The com- 
paratively well preserved tracery of the transept windows also 
helps to give beauty to the details. Cox was a frequent visitor 
to Bolton Abbey, and stayed at the Devonshire Arms. In 1844 
he was at Bolton with his friend Mr. Roberts and two or three 
other artists: the visit is recorded in his biography. 
We will now continue our walk through the churchyard to the 
western end of the abbey, and as we do so our attention is 
arrested by the very beautiful little castellated occasional resid- 
ence of the Duke of Devonshire already referred to, called Bolton 
Hall. Many visitors suppose that the Duke erected the whole 
of this building, but the fact is the chief part of it was standing 
before the builders begun. The central tower is formed in a 
most skilful manner by making use of the grand old gateway 
which the monks built as an entrance to the abbey grounds. 
Next to the Abbey church itself there is nothing so calculated 
to give us an idea of the ancient grandeur of Bolton Abbey as this 
gateway, because we know that the Dormitory, Refectory, and 
Chapter House would all be upon the same scale. It is said of 
Professor Owen that if he saw the tooth of any extinct animal 
he could make a drawing of the entire animal. Soalsoa clever 
architect seeing this gateway and the Abbey Church could 
reproduce a good picture of what Bolton was in the olden time. 
Speaking about Bolton Abbey in the olden time reminds us that 
Sir Edwin Landseer painted a celebrated picture to which he 
gave that name. ‘The beauty of the picture lies in the splendid 
animal painting it contains. Those who have seen it are not 
likely to forget the way in which the stag and dogs are painted. 
Another fine view is seen from the opposite side of the river 
a little above the Abbey. From this point can be seen the 
beautiful curve made by the river as it winds round the 
Abbey. This is a favourite view with many artists because it 
