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amount of time necessary to devote to it. Instead of simply having 
to fill up the designs which are sold in our shops, and are the 
work of persons who reside perhaps in London or Paris, if we 
designed them entirely ourselves, we should derive all the more 
pleasure in having them in our homes. The time is rapidly 
approaching when it will be the duty of all (whether manufac- 
turers or workmen) to have a thorough knowledge of this subject, 
as it is the only way by which we can add more value to the 
materials which we have at our command. Let us have all the 
improvements in machinery that are possible, but do not let us 
strive to compete with foreigners by making slaves of ourselves, 
by constantly having to increase the amount of work done in a 
given time, but rather let us seek to excel by adding a little 
more intelligence and refinement to the things we manufacture, 
and giving to the workman that pleasure in his work which is 
necessary to his well being.” 
The paper was illustrated by a large number of exhibits of art 
work, including 2 Embroidered Portiéres, from the Macclesfield 
School of Art, lent by J. O. Nicholson, Esq. ; printed velveteens 
and plushes, silks, chalis, and cretonnes, lent by T. Wardle, Esq., 
Leek; portiére, screen, several cushions and chair backs, sac- 
de-nuit, supplied by Mrs. Wardle from the Leek School of Art 
Needlework: (the loan of all the above was procured through 
Mrs. Ward); embroideries and printed cottons, from Messrs. 
Morris & Co., and the Decorative Art Needlework Society ; 
oriental carpets from Mr. Edward Bell; studies from still life, 
lent by students of the School of Art, Burnley ; chromolitho- 
graphs of textiles, published by the Science and Art Department. 
THE MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRICITY. 
By J. L. KERR C.M., M.B. October 29th, 1889. 
Soon after electricity became a science, it was found necessary 
to have some standard of measurement, applicable in all cases, 
and as far as possible, all over the world. 
This became more and more urgent when electricity began to 
be used commercially, in telegraphs, telephones, electro-plating, 
and in electric lighting, for in these cases, as in all commercial 
transactions, accurate and definite measurements were necessary, 
as well to the user as to the supplier. 
