30 
occupied by Mr. Folds and Mr. Holroyd, then swerving to the 
right from the present road through the wood at the back of 
Brooklands and Wood Nook to Causeway End. In that wood 
are still traces of the old road. From Causeway End it went 
through the Towneley Wilderness, where some portions of a 
paved road may yet be seen, and in the Wilderness one branch 
went over the real Boggart Brig, which is several yards down the 
stream from what is now known as Boggart Brig, and by 
Holehouse Farm to Cliviger Mill and Dineley, and the other 
went in front of the hall down to the river, across the river and 
up the brow, nearly in a line with the present footpath to 
Cliviger Laith, and so into the Long Causeway. I take it that 
this is the meaning of the words Causeway End, and that this 
road through Towneley has been an important link in the local 
system. 
Speaking of these routes to Halifax, it may not be uninterest- 
ing to reproduce a picture which Dr. Whitaker draws of the 
journeys of the De Lacies and the Royal House of Lancaster 
from their Yorkshire seats through Burnley to Lancaster. The 
route was by the Long Causeway :— 
“This bleak and comfortless road which till the last thirty-five years 
(he is speaking in 1801) continued to be one of the principal passes 
between the two counties, was the line which the Lacies and 
Plantagenets were condemned to pursue in their progresses from 
Pontefract to Clitheroe, and the latter from thence to Lancaster. 
What trains of sumpter-horses must upon these occasions have 
been seen traversing these boggy wastes, impassable at that time 
for carriages, and when the great lords, with many residences, had 
furniture only for one. Such a progress, which would scarcely be 
undertaken but in summer, must have been the work of three days 
at least over a line of about 90 miles, which we may imagine to 
have beer thus distributed ; one easy stage would conduct them to 
their Manor of Rothwell, whence many of their charters are dated. 
There, for want of accommodation beyond, they must have rested 
the first night. From Rothwell another stage would conduct them 
to their Manor of Bradford, thence probably over the moors to 
Luddenden ; thence to the eastern extremity of the Long Causeway, 
by the cross still called Duke’s Cross, in Cliviger, and thence after 
a long descent to their Manor of Ightenhill. At the end of a short 
but uneasy stage, on the third the Castle of Clitheroe would await 
them ; and thence after two weary stages more by the Trough of 
Bowland, they would repose themselves at Lancaster, consoled at 
least by the reflection that no other English subject could sustain 
an equal degree of fatigue in traversing his own estates.” 
I should like also to mention the old mountain road from 
Clitheroe. A road comes to Haslingden in almost a direct line, 
it is the road by Pendleton, the Nick of Pendle, Simonstone, 
Altham, Huncoat, and over the shoulder of Hameldon to 
Haslingden. Another branch passes through Padiham and 
Hapton, and right over Hameldon, where it is joined by the road 
from Burnley by Nutshaw into the same road to Haslingden. If 
