9 
RAMBLES IN OLD GERMAN CITIES. 
(With Lantern Illustration.) 
By T. BELL. January 19th, 1892. 
The rambles had for their object special definite artistic study, 
and the illustrations given were carefully classified under the 
following heads :-— 
(1) Ecclesiastical Architecture. 
(2) Castles, Palaces, and Chateaux. 
(3) Town Halls and Public Buildings. 
(4) Domestic Architecture. 
A short history of the progress and development of German 
art was given, and the special features of each branch were 
pointed out. The peculiarities and distinct kinds of treatment 
in various parts of the country, arising from the time of their 
erection or due to the materials employed or to locai influences, 
were pointed out. : 
Special reference was made to the cities of the Hanseatic 
League, and the characteristic features of Nuremburg, Ratisbon, 
Ulm, Dresden, Leipsic, Brunswick, Bremen, Lubeck, Harburg, 
&c., were pointed out. 
SOAP BUBBLES. 
(Illustrated by Lantern and Experiments.) 
By T. G. CRUMP, B.A., M.B. January 26th, 1892. 
__ In opening, it was pointed out that soap bubbles are not only 
‘objects of beauty and the playthings of childhood, but have been, 
and still are, objects of curiosity, and forms whose hidden forces 
are studied by the scientist. 
Attention was drawn to the fact that the hairs of a camel hair 
brush do not cling together when they are dry, but that when 
they have been dipped in water and removed again, all the hairs, 
as it were, stick together ; and then it was shown that if water 
is allowed to escape from a small hole in a glass tube, drops 
form, each one of the same size and shape as the preceding one, 
and that when each one had attained a certain size, only then 
did it break away from the glass and fall. 
These phenomena owe their origin entirely to the existence of 
what is known as “surface tension.” The surface of a liquid 
