19 
We now pass on to the Roman occupation of our neighbour- 
hood, and in accounting for the number of remains of that 
period that have been found, we must remember that we are not 
far from York, at which city the Roman Emperors for some time 
held their Court. | We accordingly find that in two places near 
Settle, viz., at High Hill and at Smearside, there are well- 
defined works, of artificial make, which I think we may safely 
put down as Roman camps. Roughly speaking, the camp at 
High Hill is an irregular oblong, about 320 feet long by 280 
broad, defended on the north by a double line of works, and 
divided into two parts by a mound running down the centre. To 
the east of it lie the remains of the old pond or cistern, used to 
supply the camp with water, and this is described a hundred 
years since as being ‘‘a noble spring, artificially surrounded with 
an earthen bank,’’ and when this cistern was dug into a few 
years since, great quantities of the bones of the red deer were 
found. The camp on Smearside is a much more elaborate affair. 
The main block occupies a space of about 250 feet by 150 feet 
divided into three parts. At the distance of a few feet to the 
north of this main block lie two more detached portions and the 
remains of an old wall along the ridge of the adjoining hill may 
yet be traced. The camp has been well situated for defence as 
it extends across the hollow between Smearside and the adjoiv- 
ing hill, and has probably been counected with Smearside by a 
wall. It has also very likely been the scene of many conflicts 
between the natives and the Roman troops, as we find four 
barrows or tumuli a little distance behind the camp and rather 
nearer Stackhouse. These tumuli probably mark the burial 
places of those who fell in the fights. One of them has been 
repeatedly explored. : 
There is an engraving of this one a hundred years old. At 
the date of the engraving the tumulus was about 30 feet high, 
210 feet in circumference at the base, and 130 feet in circum- 
ference at the top. On being opened large quantities of human 
bones were found deposited in chambers formed of huge stones. 
It was supposed at the time that the tumulus had been raised 
to mark the burial place of the Danes who had been slain in the 
general massacre of the people of that nation who settled in 
England in the year 1002. 
It may be noted that a branch of the Roman military way 
passed over the moors uear to Lawkland. After the Romans 
had been compelled to leave Britain, we again find traces of man 
in the Victoria Cave, and we can see how civilized the people had 
become by noting the beautiful forms of articles of jewellery that 
have been found there. 
Mr. Brayshaw proceeded to remark that the first written record 
that we can find relating to the parish of Giggleswick is in the 
