184 TRANSACTIONS, NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF GLASGOW, 
there are two pairs of inferior pinne to every pair of the superior. 
Very often at the hase of the superior pinne a sessile leafy 
process may be observed, and in its axil a bud, which under 
favourable circumstances will develop into a branch. In almost 
any leaf a protuberance will be found at these points on the 
rachis. A microscopical section through this protuberance presents 
all the appearance of a bud in its earliest stage, and a series may 
be made showing the tissue in all stages of development. Some- 
times these buds remain dormant, but on removing the upper part 
of the stem, and checking all lateral growths, the whole energy of 
the plant is directed to these buds, and in a short time the plant 
presents the remarkable appearance of a leaf, or leaves, bearing 
branches, which flower and bear fruit. 
On seeing this phenomenon for the first time, it might be 
assumed that the adventitious growths on the leaf resulted from 
the severe pruning of the plant on which they appear, but this is 
not the case, as the buds may be observed on the rachis of the 
leaf more or less developed before the plant has been pruned at: 
all. This abnormality is the most important one to be observed 
in the plant. It is by no means characteristic of the order, and 
the fact that it produces buds on the leaves before cultural 
mutilation, seems to point to constitutional changes induced by 
cultivation. 
The other abnormalities to be described are not uncommon in 
cultivated plants, but considering that the Tomato produces 
abnormalities at every available point, the fact may be looked 
upon as nature’s protest against overculture, and should serve as 
a warning to the cultivator. The Tomato is subject to many 
diseases, the most deadly of which is the fungus Cladosporiwm 
fulvwm, which seems to be spreading throughout the country with 
great rapidity. 
The following is a list of the abnormalities which have come 
under my notice :— 
Adventitious roots on the stem are formed as far up as 18 
inches from the ground. 
Abnormalities of the stem and lateral branches.—Fasciation 
of the stem is frequent, and partial fasciation (probably induced 
by a change in conditions during the progress of growth) is not 
uncommon. 
