430 TRANSACTIONS, NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF GLASGOW. 
Mammalia and Birds that are wanting to the British Museum,” 
is the following entry :—‘“‘ Mammalia—Red Ox.” 
There are two authorities in this country who have devoted a 
considerable amount of time and attention to the study of the 
oxen of the country—wild and domestic, namely, Professor 
M‘Kenny Hughes and Professor Boyd Dawkins. With the 
former I think Iam most in agreement, and it would assist all 
interested in oxen if Prof. M‘Kenny Hughes would publish the 
data I believe he obtained in Russia respecting the westerly 
migrations of men and cattle. With Prof, Boyd Dawkins I am 
also in agreement, so far as he discards the indigenous theory 
regarding the origin of our park cattle, for, if I am not mistaken, 
he considers that our white breeds were originally introduced 
into this country in a domesticated condition from the continent. 
Prof. M‘Kenny Hughes suggests they are of Italian origin, but 
with this suggestion Prof. Boyd Dawkins does not agree. I am, 
however, inclined to think that Prof. Hughes’s suggestion can be 
supported, and will be found to be the most feasible solution 
to the problem. It is rather unfortunate that the Urus has been 
termed Bos primigenius, as many are misled by this, and regard 
it as a sort of “Adam and Eve” of the bovine race, especially of 
all the races and varieties of what we term now the Sos tawrus. 
But it does not occupy such a position, and is simply a species 
itself, not entitled to any more regard than the Bos longifrons, 
its contemporary. I believe there have been two distinct 
migratory streams westwards of black cattle and white cattle. 
The black or dark cattle, if with projecting horizontal horns and 
a white stripe down the back, being able to trace descent from 
the wild ox or Urus—the white cattle being of eastern origin. 
Two such streams met in Friesland, and the black and white 
Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle is the product, and such is their 
traditional origin also. 
We have not, however, progressed far enough in our inquiry to 
draw deductions, and what I have been able to gather together 
must be regarded more as a preface to the subject of our study 
than anything else. I have compiled a bibliography, which also 
is incomplete, but may be of interest and service to those desirous 
of studying the question. I think I have indicated in both parts 
of my paper what my personal views are, yet I would ask that 

