
WHITE CATTLE: AN INQUIRY INTO THEIR ORIGIN, ETC. 433 
variations of the Podolian ; and in the province of Vincenza the 
Podolian balances the other types. The Podolian is the exclu- 
sive race in the rest of Italy south of the Po. 
“Piedmont has a pure breed, called ‘ Pianura ’—the colour of 
the Piedmontese and mixed breeds being light grey. The moun- 
tain breed already referred to are brown, black, and white 
spotted.” 
APPENDIX II. 
Mr. Oswald Crawfurd, who is an authority on Spain, writing 
in The London Review on bull-fights, says:—“It was once 
the noblest sport in the world: it is now the most brutal, the’ 
meanest, and the most sordid. It was once the sport of knights, 
noblemen, and princes to chase the cattle of the great plains of 
central Spain, lance in hand. No sport was finer, for the semi- 
wild cattle of Spain came of that primogeneous stock which once 
peopled Europe. They are a small breed, but enormously strong, 
active, and swift. They gallop like a deer, leap dykes and hedges 
like a hunter, and turn and double like rabbits. They are 
exceedingly fierce when roused, and they are very easily roused, 
and their sharp forward-bending horns are a terrible weapon of 
offence. No stranger on foot dares to come near the herd on the 
plains, and a mounted man needs a good horse, a safe seat, and 
sharp spurs to get away from these savage beasts. To kill such 
an animal from the saddle required all a knight’s skill with the 
spear, and all his courage. Ruy Diaz de Bivar, el Campeador, 
the semi-mythical hero of medieval Spain, is reported to have 
killed a bull with his own lance in the open plain, unaided by his 
companions. The Emperor Charles the Fifth is chronicled to 
have done the same, and the sport was continued in the same 
heroic fashion by well-mounted knights and gentlemen till the 
beginning of the eighteenth century.” 
Mr. Sydney Gowing, another authority, writes to meas follows :— 
* With regard to the Spanish bulls, I have never seen a white 
one, either in the ring or on the plains, and do not think there 
are any. The usual colours are black, chestnut, sandy, tawny. 
bay, and so forth, occasionally piebald. By white, I mean pure 
white. What are called ‘ pepper-and-salt’ bulls are common,” 
