58 
OLD FRISIC. 
Haver-cake,...0. essences oat-cake ..... Se APPEAR D C haver 
Weeebircter nrc» eterevetoxeiounienenere PAL CLYRALGL ET tetstatois ieicleyers oe veess WEL 
Werken........ ....to gurgle, to choke..............querken 
Wye-cawve....... Fin geicee | HHO Gillis a noooenemooonee quie-cuw 
The Danish element is largely infused into our dialect. 
This is naturally to be expected, since the Danes occupied most, 
and sometimes all, of what is now Lancashire, as a portion of 
their kivgdom of Northumbria, from the eighth to nearly the close 
of the tenth century. The test-words adduced by Taylor in his 
“Words and Places” are not wanting. Thus we find the 
« Byre, ov Bye, Laws of Briercliffe”; and among the ancient 
endowments of Burnley Church we have ‘two little garths 
(closes of land) near the Brig of Brun.” Mr. Taylor was mis- 
taken when he said that ‘‘thorpe”’ did * not occur in Lancashire,” 
for we have Gawthorpe, near Padiham, the seat of Sir J. P. 
Kay-Shuttleworth, Bart. ‘ Toft” is constantly found in deeds 
for the transfer of land :—‘‘ beck”. for ‘‘ brook” is not un- 
common ;—and “dale” is found in Rossendale, Ribblesdale, and 
elsewhere. Of purely Danish words, or with few exceptions, we 
may instance :— 
DANISH. 
BAGO) reenter: Site cio: HOMOULLG saya ae cat nan ny an a Dy eee 
CRI MWe loysyejeualotaisyale to be without food ......... .....clemme 
Glapp-Dreads cite sa oeeieie Gham oatiGakesi...c,0)5,0,0:5+,00.9 klappe-brod 
Clateher scene sented: a brood of chickens ............+-klekke 
Cogken. . sceunenns knob of a horse’s shoe..... soap ees SOREN 
Dab x. Ware's ae rete AROS a patting blow..... b sieieietiiommceraste ROG 
DSO forerarerctelnronrerercatetnders to sprinkle ..... ITO RA ae ae dugge 
(Cilio eouagcurcan codes shorter..... aperer a siieba otolator erates gienvie 
Gab Yates eraser forts 2; FOOLISH PELSOM ss cyretele sic eis ss: eisiveieiese gabb 
WHETINOGK. os presislen crates soft, pliable’... .c0. o's sae oe red@Hclikes 
Fee MICRO? 6 sore: Pare) SLOW TC Ne orale) SCOTIA a mle ihete LIES 
MPH OT: odes va ohare eect toe LAAs ALCL Cutt feraron stone ewraystetey atetNan arene lider 
{bf agqsnonadocdn st dx IDET Ts oci'sies\ctare eee é oie Retae latde 
Galva. cnvislsveaestssiae easily upset........... thar teier . kegle 
LGM Omanode pabac Got TaeClOSCUMEEG 61c1e)< a (svaistesorsleVele tolerets neve 
Skellardispaieverstselsioleeles out of square......... isieisleyenet skela 
Sih Onmincecencicec re to turn up the nose ..........0+++.S5N0e 
But there is also conclusive evidence that a large body of 
Northmen, or Norwegians, either accompanied the Danish in- 
yaders, or followed them at intervals, and settled in the country. 
The Norse element is consequently both widespread and abun- 
dant in our dialect. Thus we have in common use :— 
NORSE. 
BY AES sh iecuntie atti tide impudence ......+.+++0++0++. DYESS 
IBTUSK ie ees canipuena satire rough, lively .........+. «ape DLUSKE 
Ol ait AONE Ae ret caterers a pat of dung....... Ae atioiaia croton RERUN 
ID) osm oea oe ..-.: @ pool of water .........0+ tee dup 
1DT Ie .0 Bee og er wdiareuaretieynias fintileGy A ua AoC DROOGOC i sevens egg 
Ltn A SPREE Bret OTT arrteieete to remove ..... seas ow crn stele dlle On 
Gay carnte ave eroisinral sxe .. @ PASSABE, OPENING ..seveveseeeeee GAP 
