21 



Imt perhaps its most extended use will be in 

 obtaining pictures at a distance, and varying their 

 i:ize without walking up and walking back with 

 the camera until the picture as seen on the ground 

 glass just suits our purpose. There is another use 

 not quit-* so evident to the general amateur which 

 I must mention in closing, and that is the more 

 perfect rendering of perspective. Every one is 

 familiar with the distortion of a very wide angle 

 lens, how it makes a little room look a huge hall, 

 and how it magnifies near objects and dwarfs the 

 distant ones, but the same defects are often seen 

 in pictures taken with comparatively narrow 

 angle lenses. 



Artists' pictures are viewed at a distance of 

 three to four times the length of the longest side, 

 and it thus looks right and many photos look 

 wrong. The proper distance to examine a 

 photograph is approximately the focal length of 

 the lens, or usually the length of 

 one side instead of three or four times this 

 distance. To obtain more artistic pictures we 

 must avoid a prominent foreground too near the 

 camera and use a lens having a focal length of 

 three or four times the longest side of the picture. 

 This is cumbersome and expensive with ordinary 



lenses, but the telephoto lens makes it easy and 

 practicable. 



In conclusion I have to thank Messrs. Dallmeyer 

 and Co., and their publishers, Mr. Heinemam and 

 Co., for kind permission to copy or use any of 

 diagrams in Dallmeyer's Telephotography, which 

 is the standard work on the subject, and it is to 

 this work that I am indebted for the substance of 

 this lecture, and anyone interested in the subject 

 cannot do better than refer to that treatise for 

 fuller information. 



The pictures are from blocks kindly lent by 

 Messrs. Dallmeyer and Co. They represent St. 

 Albans Abbey taken at a distance of 1,G00 yards 

 (ordnance map measurement), one with a 16-inch 

 landscape lens, the other with the telephoto lens, 

 both being equally reduced from 15 x 12 prints. 



At the conclusion of the lecture Mr. Horsley 

 proposed a hearty vote of thanks to Mr. Lander 

 for his lecture. He spoke of the great use which 

 tele-photography wa-i to architects, to lovers of 

 animal life, and scientific men, and humorously 

 painted out that it might also be requisitioned in 

 detective work. 



The vote was carried with acclammation, and Mr. 

 Lander having replied, the meeting terminated. 



8EAENTH WINTEK MEETING, 



TUESDAY, JANUARY 15th, luoi. 



THE PHOTOGKAPHY OF NATURAL HISTOHY SUBJECTS, AND MICRO- 

 PHOTOGRAPHY WITH HOME-MADE APPARATUS.'— BY Mb. W. H. 

 HAMMOND AND Mr. A. LANDER. 



Mr. Sidney Harvey, F.LC. F.C.S.. presided at 

 the meeting of members held in the Kefereoce 

 Library of the Beaney Institute on Tuesday even- 

 ing, Januiry 1.5, 1901. Amongst others present 

 were Messrs. Henry Fielding, J. McClemens, L. 

 Ward. W. Surry. T. U. Marsh, F. M. Argrave, W. 

 Smith, Miss E. Harvey, Miss E. N. Harvey, Messrs. 

 J. Cutting, C. Buckingham, W. R. Dunham, A. 

 Lander (^on. Sec), etc. 



The Secetary read a letter from the President 

 of the Society ( il r. S. Horsley) . who was announced, 

 together with Mr. W. H. Hammond, to give a 

 demonstration of the apparatus used for the 

 photography of natural objects. i[r. Horsley had 

 been suddenly called away to London on account 

 of the very serious illness of his son. 



The Chairman expressed regret for the absence 

 of the President, and also his sympathy in the 

 trial that had come upon him. Speaking of 

 the use of photography with the microscope, as 

 applied to Nature, Mr. Harvey said it was of 

 great assistance in detecting agricultural insect 

 pests, and by this means a large number of destruc- 

 tive insects could be discovered The black currant 

 mite did enormous injury to their currant crops 



and for the last ten years it had almost prevented 

 anything like a crop being realised. It was only 

 recently that the pest was discovered, but 

 chemistry was coming to the aid of agriculture and 

 he hoped this t.^rrible pest would ultimately be 

 exterminated (hear, hear). 



In the absence of Mr. W. H. Hammond, Mr. 

 Lander e.xplained the method by which natural 

 objects could be photographed, and read the 

 following notes by Mr. Hammond describing the 

 apparatus : — 



Figure 1 represents the camera screwed on to a 

 sideless box, by means of an ordinary camera 

 screw. The box slides up and down the upright 

 board, which has a slit sawn in it nearly all its 

 length ; it is held in position by tightening up 

 what is known a3 a perambulator screw. Lender 

 the camera a board, reuiovable at will, is shown 

 with four 6-inch nails driven in it, which supports 

 a sheet of glass (in this case a clean 12in.by loin, 

 plate). If a white backoround is desired, a white 

 card IS put under the glass, sloping slightly towards 

 the light, and the object laid on the glass, by this 

 me^ns shadows are avoided ; for some subjects a 

 piece of brown paper may be used instead of the 



