Breeze," H. W. Bennett ; " A. Hampshire Home," 

 J. Kidson Taylor ; '* Capital, Canterbury 

 Cathedral. " Eraest Marriage. One of the 

 largest pieces of amber ever found on 

 the Eastern Coast was exhibited by the President ; 

 three cases of moths by Mr. Saaall ; an album 

 containing photographs by Mr. Snell ; some 

 curious rubbings of brass and old photos by Miss 

 Cole ; carnivorous teeth, found at the gravel 

 pit near Whitstable Tunnel, by Mr. W. Cozens; 

 an Indian wolf's head and description anl photos 

 by Miss Palin. Three generations of orchids were 

 shown by Mr. Sage, illustrating the hybridization 

 of the plants. The two grand-parents were shown, 

 which, by crossing the pollen, produced a new 

 species of plant. This new flower was crossed 

 "with another flower, which again produced a 



different sort. Mr. Austin showed his biokam, and 

 among the fllms which he exhibited ivas one of 

 the boys of the Simon Langton School playing 

 with snowballs. The Secretary showed a number of 

 photographs illustrating all the modern methods 

 of colour-photography, including some by Dr. 

 Joly, of Dublin ; Messrs. Sanger Shepherd, and 

 Co., of London ; M. Lumiere, a Frenchman ; and 

 Mr. Ives, an American. He also mentioned that 

 two members of the Society were to be congratu- 

 lated on their recent success in winning prizA in 

 different competitions. Miss Palin was the only 

 winner in Canterbury of one of the T.E.B. prizes 

 for best Christmas card photos, and Mr. Snell in 

 a lantern slide competition, open to the world, 

 had been successful in winning a first prize 

 with his four lantern slides. 



EIGHTH WINTER MEETING— JANUARY 28th, 1902. 



'PHOTOGRAPHIC ENLARGEMENTS AND THE KIND OF NEGATIVE 



NEEDED." 



By Mr. Henry Fielding. 



The eighth winter meeting took place in the 

 Reference Library of the Beaney Institute, 

 Caaterbmy, on January 2S. Mr. Sidney Harvey, 

 F.C.S., F.I.C., presided, and there were also 

 present Mr. Henry Fielding, Mr. J. P. Whichcord, 

 Mr. W. P. Mann, B.A., Mr. W. H. Hammond, 

 Miss Holmes, Miss PhiUpotts, Miss Hurst, Miss 

 Harvey, Miss Palin, Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Johnson, 

 Messrs. Austen, Kennedy, A. Lander (hon. sec), 

 W. Gard, C. Gardner, A. Cozens, W. Surry, C. 

 Buckingham, F. Snell, etc. 



Eev. Dr. Greaves and Mr. A. Cozens were duiy 

 elected new members of the Society. 



The President then called upon Mr. Henry 

 Fielding to give his lecture on " Photographic 

 Enlargements." Mr. Fielding commenced by 

 saying that he took it that the Society existed to 

 help and encourage each other in their various 

 studies. He had learnt a good deal in the past at 

 some of the meetings, and he hoped that some of 

 his remarks that evening might perhaps be the 

 means of helping some present, and at the close he 

 hopad they would criticise his methods and in 

 that way also help him ia his future work. An 

 enlarged print from a negative is obtained by 

 means of either an ordinary camera or by an 

 enlarging lantern. In the case of the camera the 

 negative is placed in a frame in the same position 

 as the ground glass is for the purpose of focus.sing 

 and is then placed against a shutter, which closes 

 up the window with the exception of a hole cut 

 to admit the camera back. Placed against this 

 hole the daylight penetrates the negative and 

 -throws the image through the lens (your ordinary 

 lens) on to a screen in a similar way to the magic 

 lantern. This image is allowed to play on to a 

 piece of bromide paper, which is ultimately 

 developed. In the case of a lantern being used 

 the process is similar, with the exception that 

 attiflcial lipht — electric, gas, or oil — is used 



instead of daylight, and the lantern instead of 

 your camera. Equal work can be done with 

 either means, but the lantern being always 

 supplied with the same intensity of light gives 

 more certain results than the ever changing day- 

 light, and can of course be used at night. Now, 

 taking an ordinary negative such as we are in the 

 habit of printing from on P.O. P., we should find 

 on putting it into the lantern and looking at the 

 image on the screen, that whereas the shadows 

 (the thin pares of negative) are very brilliant, the 

 denser parts appear quite dark, and if we then 

 gave an exposure of say two minutes to the whole 

 picture the resulting print (when developed) 

 would consist of very black shadows, the denser 

 parts beins: bald white patches — a picture utterly 

 useless and unpleasant, the reason being that in 

 enlarging on bromide the dense or thick parts of 

 the negative require a longer time for the light to 

 penetrate and affect the paper than is the case 

 with P.O. P. This difficulty is rectified by means 

 of shading either with the hands or cardboard the 

 thinner or more brilliant parts of the image, 

 letting them play on the paper the time you by 

 testing or experience find necessary, and then 

 preventing them longer affecting the paper by 

 placing hands or cardboard between the lens and 

 the paper, and constantly slightly moving the 

 shade to prevent defined lines showing. The 

 dense parts are still exposed as long as is wished, 

 and in this way an even picture is obtained and 

 the harsh contrast before mentioned is avoided. 

 But it is obviously better if we are able to use a 

 negative which requires none of this shading, but 

 which can all receive the same length of exposure. 

 The advantages are so clear that I need not 

 mention them except to point out that with such 

 a negative, after finding the time required for the 

 first exposure, one can print off any number of 

 duplicates with absolute certainty. I have now 



