12 



earth used for weighting the roof, the 6rst shower 

 followed by sunshine would cake the root mto a 

 more or less solid crust. Whether this or any 

 Xer of the thousand and one accidents which 

 might enforce the -me object lesson really 

 originated the expedition.it is obvious that m the 

 °re°at river flats the idea of p astenng an erection 

 of sticks with clay was certain sooner or later to 

 sn^^est itself The manufacture, moreover, ot a 

 va!t"numbe of appliances, both of use and orna- 

 ment out of clayf would be an inevitable result of 

 Tv lenc^thened occupation of a clay country. 

 Fol all purposes not involving exposure 

 to moisture, sun-dried cracks made by 

 ^..,W^ claV on a basket - worK frame 

 wo^d"be tlmost as useful as real pottery. 

 Iconsiderable advance in civilization would thus 

 be an accomplished fact before ajiy means of 

 procuring fire at will were generally known but it 

 Fs eoually clear that the invention or introduction 

 of an ea J means of kindling a fire at will among 

 a community already accustomed to use wattle 

 and daub would inevitably be followed by the d - 

 oovery of the art of making pottery. Accident, due 

 ™rhaps to io-norance of those unacquainted with 

 Fhe ne^wcomer, or design on the part of an enemy 

 ffom without musthaveledto many aconflagration 

 of h°tslar"ey constructed of the dry branches or 

 semso Tr°ees\nd reeds. When the flames had 

 doTtheir work the inmates would return to their 

 ruined himes to find their walls and floor, their 

 domestic appliances, possibly their household 

 rr^es and'^fetishes, and charms, no longer clay, 

 lut brick, terra cotta, that is. cooked earth never 

 a^ain to recover its former properties. Ihence- 

 forth familiarity only with the management of fire 

 would be needed to teach the potter s ait^ Ihe 

 1st process of the manufacture had not been dis- 

 covered "ft had revealed Itself. It seems to have 

 covereu ,,f„„t;ed that br cks were, if not the 



ttt It Wt aSiong the first products of tfie art 

 of pottery As a matter of fact, however, brick- 



?ian^rfure':f ^.Z ^t^^f "'^ 



moulds it not made" of tools of metal could only 

 have been made with tools of stone of a very ad- 

 vanced type. The inference therefore, seems to 

 beTrresistable that if any bricks now known to be 

 in existence are really older than the ages of metal 

 hey cannot at most be older than the closing years 

 of the a^e of pottery. The true re ation of 

 farly br'ck architecture to the ceramic age is 

 clearly mdicated in the fact that in some 



ffTheearliest brick Fy--i^?*™g-«f ^« P;'*" ^ 

 have been emp oyed instead ot straw in 

 the manufacture of the bricks. The inference 

 ^f the relative antiguity of the two is curiously 

 of tlis relative an „ j ^^ another 



'""h of the world's hTstory the pyramid of 

 Xlulabeievertobe the oldest ruin in Mexico 

 fsbiilt of unbaked bricks or adobes, but while the 

 ^Lv of the country is as liable to crack in drying 

 fsX aUuvia mud of Egypt, the mortar requires 

 In admixture of hard substance to render it co- 



be=iive In this case therefore fragments of pottery 

 have been mixad with the cement instead o with 

 the bricks as in the Valley of the Nile. During 

 the first cycles ot the Stone Age man was a pri- 

 soner within the purlieus of the water ways. H.s 

 movements were inexorably limited to a com- 

 mratitely narrow strip of land ,Mthin easy reach 

 ^f an accessible supply of fresh «ate^ Wells 

 .n/ tanks as yet, there were none. Wherever 

 Stone A.e man has left his implements behind 

 h m in localitus which at the time were destitute 



°* -^'-'at^^f ^LfryfntTnd' t ri^ng ^^Ifert 

 ^rterorsmatr^fantlties What methods of 



=?s I^bUrwVe^un'd t^t mot "or le^st 



eSve where they were to be had, and m cer- 



tf^^ exceptional seaboards a few large marine 



bivalves g^ourds, husks of large fruits, and p.s.ib y 



the shels of some large tortoise might partly 



^rvfthe turn But where roots and truits, and 



eTeslnd seeds, and grubs, and insects and 



worm , and snakes, were the ^^-ple dut, and ih s 



lA Ko the fst^a in a large part ot the habitaljie 



"°"l^ the supply o? skins: and other natural pro- 



ducts'requrTd' would be" exceedingly toited, it 



anv thin" at all were to be had. Ihat some 



practical substitute lor them vas employed 



Lem Tndisputable, ,nd there is but a single one 



haTcanwith any l'te'il>°°d l\? ^";K: f, ad^ 

 is that the water was <=a"'ed in baskets nad^ 



tlZS'iU tutelar Goddesses told how they 1 ad 



by naviug i^u f tricate and essential con- 



ltT.:.TJuZ't^r:rU of bask, making 



S2^s;fe^-:vi?t::v^^ 



Etb «. .•-.Hot. ol tb. prima,., .r. o b.,l.l 



r4'.f ".■;"»■ -S*"" ■• ";;•;»:.';;■■ 



