98 .1A'.V.-1L*S' NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SC1EXCE8 



to the (juadrate. This type of musculature is carried to the extreme in 

 the Ophidia, where the streptostylism is complete and practically all of 

 the bones are movable. There is a sharp contrast between the strepto- 

 stylic and the monimostylic types of musculature ; the streptostylic repre- 

 sents high specialization, with great mobility of the skull parts and the 

 demand for many muscles, while the solid monimostylic skull is rigid 

 with the bones solidly fixed and attached by strong sutures, while the 

 muscles present are of a simpler kind, namely, those needed to raise and 

 lower the mandible. 



There is much confusion in the nomenclature of the muscles owing to 

 the fact that the mammal names are applied to them by most workers. 

 The nomenclature would be cleared if the entire list of names were 

 dropped and a new set adopted that had no direct reference to the names 

 of the mammalian muscles.* 



MUSCLES OF THE ADDUCTOR OR TEMPORAL GROUP 

 {IXXERVATED BY T^) 



Capiti-mandibularis. 



(a) Capiti-mandibularis superficialis (C. m. s.). 



= Outer fibers of the capiti-mandibularis. 

 (h) Capiti-mandibularis medius (C. m. m.). 



= Temporal of Bradley (whole mass). 

 (c) Capiti-mandibularis profundus (C. m. p.). 



= Upper slip of the pterygoid of Bradley. 



^^ rterygoideus externus of Mivart. 

 Pterygoideus anterior (Pt. a.). 



= Pterygo-mandibularis of Bradley. 



= Pterygoideus internus of others. 

 Pterygoideus posterior (Pt. p.). 



= Lower slip of the Pterygoideus of Bradley. 

 Pterygo-parietalis (Pt. par.) (Bradley). 

 Pterygo-sphenoidalis posterior (Pt. sph. po.) (Bradley). 



MUSCLES OF THE DEPRESSOR OR DIGASTRIC GROUP 

 (INNERVATED BY VII) 



Depressor mandibulae (D. m.). 



MUSCLES OF THE ADDUCTOR OR TEMPORAL GROUP 

 (INNERVATED BY V^) 



CainU-incmdibularis. — This is the large temporal muscle mass, divided 

 into three parts in this paper. 



* The papers used in the study of Varanua were: Bradley (1903) and Watkinson 



