rr/iiji iihALTH I'i:(jiiij:m> i.\ i:i ssia 



3:) 



roiiiiiiittcc l<» iiicct with our fc|t|-c>('n- The rciiioly. ;i> i'\ri\ w hci'c. i> cilucii- 



tativcs ;ui<l prcpMrc >|H'*-ilifati()iis of tile tii'ii of the inotlicr in the |)rinci|)U's of 



art icio i!io-i urLiviiih needed. AiiAnier- inl'aiil ear.', ami in the larp' eitio e\- 



iean l{e(| ('|'o» liure;lll Wil- e-l,dili>lled eel lent I m'l; i U n i ni:> lia \ «' lieell niadeMJonL; 



in I'etroLirad willi a -lnreli(iii-e in Mo>- ilii- line. I lia\e ne\er >een anyllnn.L; 



i-o\v to deal willi llii'-e need> a> tliey liner I lian I lie I n I'ant W'el fare Sl;il inn ai 



should arise; and lln- \\v>\ >lii|>nienl the Moro>o\ llo>pii,il in Moscow nrllie 

 of supplies un- 



der this phin 



left .\ineriea 111 



.\ui:ii-t la>t. 



On the ci- 

 vilian side, we 

 found exeellent 

 departments of 

 health in ilie 

 lai'i^er eilie>. 

 with lahora- 

 torie- anil sta- 

 ti.-tieal hureaus 

 of the most aj)- 

 proved type 



and li'ood oi-- 

 ,ii<inizatit)ns for 

 the control of 

 com 111 11 nicahic 

 (liseaso. .\iiri- 

 t u h e nil I OS i s 

 work i> not. 

 howexcr. deVel- 

 o|»e(l ;i> in Knu- 

 laiid and Aiiier- 

 ica. and syste- 

 matic public 



Statue of Great Catherine, on tlie N'evski, with the 

 red flag of the Revolution placed in her hand along- 

 side the imperial scepter 



.M ll-elllll (d" the 



Tal roiKiiie for 

 ■M o t ll e r liooil 

 and ('hildhood 

 a I l'et!-oi:rad. 

 .Viler the \\;ir, 



howevel'. till' 



w ork now lieiii;^ 

 <lulie iiiii-t he 

 llllllt ipl led a 



hiindredrold. 



'['lie iiio>t in- 

 terest i 111:' fea- 

 ture of public 

 health work 

 ill I'us-ia i> 

 I he sy>tein of 

 ZelllstMi llli'd- 



iciiie which 



ha- hroiiLiht the 



lllo-illLI- of 



inedicjil care to 

 a larL;c pi'opor- 

 t ion (d' 1 lie peo- 

 [ile ihrou^diout 

 the \ast areas 

 of I he scattered 

 rural po])ula- 

 tion. Tbe repre- 

 sentative rural 

 asseml)lie.s have 

 recognized the 



health educa- 

 tion along mod- 

 ern lines has 

 scarcely been 

 begun. 



The greatest health problem of Hus- medical care of the peasant population 



sia is infant mortality. Tlie death rate as a fundamental diit\ of the state. 



among xouni^ children is enormous. and have provided in nio>t of the prov- 



both in cit\' and count r\. one l);d)\ out inces of Knrope;in K'u.-.-ia medical di,— 



of everv four dxiiig in the lii'-t year of tricts with -mall lio>pital> (from 4 to 



life (as comprired with one in ten in '^O Iteds) which fui-nish free medical 



New ^'ork Citv). The rates are high- care to all who come. There are. of 



est in tho-e pi-o\inci-- with the piire>t course, even now far too W-w |)hysician- 



liiissian itopulation. it is not the lack to care ade<piately for the rural ])oj)u^ 



of breast feeding which is at fault but lation: but when it i> remembered that 



the almost uni\ci-al habit of giving the before the Zemstvos began their work 



babv :dl soil- of other foods as well. the peasant never -aw a fpialificMl physi- 



