MacCaughey: Race Mixture in Hawaii 



43 



erate rate. This does not, of course, 

 mean that Hawaii will be given over to 

 the Caucasian-Hawaiian-Chinese race. 

 The Japanese are predominant numer- 

 ically, and promise to remain so. The 

 Portuguese constitute a bulky element. 

 Both are prolific, and neither con- 

 tributes considerably to the fusion. 

 What is likely to appear is the gradual 

 growth of the new stock, fitting itself 

 for leadership in the minor business 

 and clerical activities of the islands." 



JAPANESE AND KOREANS 



Nearly one-half of the total popula- 

 tion of Hawaii is foreign-born. Of the 

 110,000 foreign-born population, about 

 70% are Japanese, about 15% are Chi- 

 nese, and the remainder are Koreans, 

 Filipinos, etc. Asiatics comprise over 

 five-sixths of the total foreign-born 

 population. The Japanese are racially 

 dominant in Hawaii today, and will 

 doubtless so continue for many decades. 

 They are very fertile, and have already 

 reached the point of comprising over 

 40% of the total school population. 

 There are now over 15,000 Japanese 

 children in the schools ; in 1900 there 

 were only 1,300. The Japanese popula- 

 tion numbers 106,000, or nearly cue- 

 half the total population of the terri- 

 tory. It consists largely of alien males. 

 The Japanese have been the backbone 

 of Hawaii's extremely profitable cor- 

 ]Toration cane-sugar industry. At pres- 



Japan. Extensive immigration is tak- 

 ing place at the present time, in the 

 form of ''picture brides," who rapidly 

 become the mothers of prospective 

 "American citizens." The Japanese 

 have increased 23,000 in seven years, 

 both by birth and immigration. 



The immigration of foreign-born 

 Japanese into Hawaii for a typical se- 

 ries of years has been as follows (see 

 also appendix) : 



Previous to 1890 3,330 



1891-1895 4,340 



1896-1900 16,390 



1901-1904 10,350 



1905 3,180 



1906 8,240 



1907 '. 9,205 



1908 3,070 



1909 1,070 



The tourist upon coming to Hawaii 

 is impressed by the large numbers of 

 Japanese women employed in domestic 

 service. As a class these women are 

 attractive, intelligent, clean, polite, 

 and serviceable. They wear Japanese 

 clothes, and are always picturesque and 

 neatly attired. The American-born 

 Japanese girls usually wear American 

 clothes. 



During the past decade there has been 

 a heavy influx of Japanese women into 

 Hawaii, chiefly as "picture brides." 

 Statistics for a typical five-year period 

 show Japanese women immigrants as 

 follows : 



Year 



1912. 

 1913. 

 1914. 

 1915. 

 1916. 



ent there are only 26,000 Japanese at 

 work on the sugar plantations. Most 

 of the Japanese were imported before 

 annexation to supply the demand for 

 cheap field labor. Immigration began 

 about 1886, and since that date there 

 has been a large and steady stream of 

 alien laborers coming into Hawaii from 



The picture brides are selected in 

 Japan by intermediaries or middlemen 

 upon requisition by the Japanese in 

 Hawaii who desire a wife. Two cere- 

 monies take place, one in Japan, in the 

 absence of the husband ; the second at 

 the Immigration Station in Honolulu, 

 according to American law. These 



^ These numbers are duplicates, also included in the other two columns. 



