86 



The Journal of Heredity 



dents. The results are summed up in 

 the following quotation,* "He who can 

 learn better than the average through 

 the eyes, tends to learn better than the 

 average through the ears ; also he who 

 can attend to one thing better than all 

 other men, will be able to attend to many 

 things at once, or in rapid succession, 

 better than most of them. Artistic 

 ability, as in music, painting, or literary 

 creation, goes with scientific ability and 

 matter-of-fact wisdom. The best ab- 

 stract thinker will be above the average 

 in concrete thought also. The rapid 

 workers are the most accurate. Intel- 

 lectual ability and moral worth hang 

 together. 



The correlations are, of course, not 

 perfect. A large degree of superiority 

 in one desirable trait may involve only a 

 slight superiority in many others. And 

 since the relations vary enormously 

 amongst individuals, a person highly 

 gifted in one respect will often, though 

 not usually, be very inferior in others."^ 



Thus we see that most of the really 

 important characteristics of human be- 

 ings — such unquestionably desirable at- 

 tributes, from the common-sense point 

 of view, as health, intellect and morality 

 (here meaning all virtues in their 

 widest sense) are strongly correlated. 

 Special aptitudes are also correlated. 

 More than this, net fertility is corre- 

 lated with morality and consequently, 

 to some extent, with intellect also. Fur- 

 thermore, net fertility has been found 

 to be correlated with longevity, which is 

 itself hereditary to a very great extent." 



All these facts warrant us in assign- 

 ing an immence importance to the 

 whole principle of correlations ivithin 

 the individual, and they present a little 

 appreciated though very optimistic out- 

 look for the future of eugenics. 



Bibliography 



Betts. G. H. : "The Distribution of 

 Functions of Mental Imagery," Teach- 

 ers College, Columbia University Con- 

 tributions to Education, No. 26, 1909. 



Bonser, F. G. : "The Reasoning Abil- 

 ity of Children of the Fourth, Fifth, 

 and Sixth School Grades," do.. No. 37, 

 1910. 



Brown, W. : "Some Experimental 

 Results in the Correlation of Mental 

 Abilities." British Journal of Psychol- 

 ogy, vol. 3, pp. 296-322, 1910. 



Burt, C. : "Experimental Tests of 

 General Intelligence. British Journal of 

 Psychology, vol. 3, pp. 94-177, 1909. 



Spearman, C. : "General Intelligence," 

 Objectively Determined. American Jour- 

 nal of Psychology, vol. 5, pp. 201-292. 

 1904. 



Stern, W. : Ueber Psychologic dcr In- 

 dividuellen Differencen, 1900. 



Stern, W. : Die Differentielle Psy- 

 chologie, 1911. 



Whitley. W. T. : "An Empirical 

 Study of Certain Tests for Individual 

 Differences." Archives of Psychology, 

 No. 19, 1911. 



Wissler, C. : "The Correlation of 

 Mental and Physical Tests. Psychologi- 

 cal Reviezv, Monograph Supplement, 

 No. 16, 1901. 



"Individuality," Riverside Educational Monographs. Boston : 

 "Correlation of Mental Abilities," Teachers' College, Colum- 



* Thorndike, Edward L. : 

 Houghton, Mifflin, 1911. 



5 See also B. R. Simpson : 

 bia, 1912, p. 122. 



^ Beeton, Miss M., Yule, G. V., and Pearson, K. : "On the Correlation Between Duration 

 of Life and the Number of Offspring," Proc. R. S., London, Vol. LXVII. 1900, pp. 159-171. 

 The material consisted of English and American Quaker families. Also Bell, A. G. : "The 

 Duration of Life and Conditions Associated with Longevity." Washington, 1918. 57 pp. 



