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The Journal of Heredity 



2. A small amount of intermarry- 

 ing takes place between Spanish and 

 Portuguese. 



3. A notable number of Spanish 

 women are married by Porto Ricans 

 and Filipinos. 



4. The intermarrying between Spanish 

 and Hawaiian and part-Hawaiians is 

 very slight, especially when contrasted 

 with the Portuguese in this regard. 



5. Practically no Spanish men marry 

 Oriental women ; ten Spanish women 

 were married by Koreans. 



6. Practically no Spanish men marry 

 Americans or Europeans (except Por- 

 tuguese). Spanish women have been 

 married by Americans and Europeans. 



THE NATIVE HAWAIIANS 



The primitive Hawaiians were Poly- 

 nesians, and part of the splendid Maori- 

 Samoan-Hawaiian brotherhood. This 

 group comprised one of the finest physi- 

 cal types known in the history of the 

 human race. For a detailed account of 

 the primitive Hawaiian physique, see 

 the author's "Physique of the Ancient 

 Hawaiians" in the Scientific Monthly, 

 5 : 166-74, August, 1917. 



The present paper cannot deal with 

 the successive tragic stages in the ex- 

 tinction of the ancient Hawaiian, nor 

 can it analyze the complex and inex- 

 orable factors that so rapidly consumed 

 this noble race. In 1778 there were 

 probably no less than 300,000 native 

 Hawaiians, the sole inhabitants of "the 

 loveliest fleet of islands that lies an- 

 chored in any ocean." Five decades 

 later, in 1823, the census showed only 

 142,000. At the close of another decade 

 the native population had dropped to 

 130,000. The next interval of thirty- 

 six years witnessed a frightful decrease 

 of two-thirds of the total population, 

 reducing the natives to 44.000. In 1900 

 there were but 30,000 ; the past eighteen 

 years have probably cut this nearly in 

 half. The official figures of the Board 

 of Health give 26,000 native Hawaiians 

 for 1910 and about 23,000 for 1917, a 

 decrease of 3,000 in seven years. All 

 of the above figures are for full-blooded 

 Hawaiians. The part-Hawaiian popu- 

 lation is given as 12,500 for 1910 and 



16,000 for 1917, a marked increase, 

 which is growing steadily from year to 

 year. It should be noted that a very 

 considerable percentage of the persons 

 listed as "native Hawaiians," especially 

 in later years, are not full-blooded 

 Polynesians. The natives have mar- 

 ried, with startling promiscuity, both in 

 and out of wedlock, with all the motley 

 hordes who have come to their shores. 

 Today it is practically impossible to de- 

 termine pure lines of descent. There 

 are probably not 10,000 pure-blooded 

 Hawaiians living today. 



The first two gifts of the white man 

 to the Hawaiian were alcohol and vene- 

 real disease, and these have been pow- 

 erful agents in the demoralization' of 

 the race. Other introduced bacterial 

 diseases — plague, measles, leprosy, tu- 

 berculosis, pneumonia, etc. — have hor- 

 ribly ravaged these susceptible people. 

 Foreign clothing, unsanitary housing, 

 immorality grossly encouraged by a 

 certain portion of the white population, 

 and an economic system to which the 

 Polynesian was absolutely unadapted — 

 these factors have all contributed to 

 wipe out a human type that had many 

 physical, mental and spiritual attributes 

 of lovely and superior quality. 



The marriages of the Hawaiians and 

 part-Hawaiians, during a typical five- 

 year period (see previous paoer for 

 data) are tabulated on (Table I) oppo- 

 site page. The period, 1913-1917, is 

 the same throughout the papers in this 

 series, so that the data are comparable. 



SUMMARY 



1. Most Hawaiian men marry Ha- 

 waiians. Hawaiian women marry freely 

 outside their own race. 



2. Notable among the racial prefer- 

 ences of Hawaiian men are their mar- 

 riages with Caucasian-Hawaiians, Chi- 

 nese-Hawaiians, and Portuguese. 



3. Hawaiian women were selected by 

 the following nationalities, in order: 

 Hawaiian, Caucasian-Hawaiian, Chi- 

 nese, Chinese-Hawaiian, American, Fil- 

 ipino, Korean, Portuguese, Japanese. 



4. Of special note is the large amount 

 of intermarrying between the various 



