124 OPHIDIANS. 
Europe, and our own Crotalus. Russell* made a Cobra bite 
a Nooni-Paragoodoo near the anus. It died in one hour and . 
a quarter. A little local discoloration existed about the 
wound, and the lungs were full of blood. A Cobra bit 
another Cobra, with a negative result. How long it was ob- 
served, is not stated. 
“A Coodum-Nagoo bit a Cobra, the two fangs taking 
effect, the result as before, being negative. All of these are 
venomous snakes. 
“A Coodum-Nagoo bit a Tortulla, a harmless serpent, 
which perished within two hours. 
“ Fontana’s} experiments on the effect of the venom of the 
Viper upon its own kind, were briefly as follows: 
“One viper was bitten by another several times. The 
wounds swelled a little. It was killed by Fontana after 
thirty-six hours, and found to have been deeply wounded, the 
bites being a little inflamed and swollen. 
“A middle-sized viper received from two large ones six 
fang-wounds. The viper remained agile, and was well at the 
end of four days. When killed it was found to have been 
bitten through and through. The wounds were somewhat 
inflamed. Five other vipers thus bitten did not die. Length 
of observation not mentioned. Again, a portion of the skin 
having been removed from the backs of four vipers, seven 
vipers were made to bite them. None of the bitten animals 
died, and only one of them was at all languid, and had a 
little swelling about the wound. ‘Three vipers were wounded 
in the back, and the wound filled with venom. The wounds 
inflamed but did not swell. The animals seem to have been 
killed at the end of several days. A viper was forced to bite 
* Russell, p. 56. 
+ Fontana, vol. i, p. 29 e¢ seg. Skinner’s Translation. 
