158 The Journal of Heredity 



series of fine hairs between this outlet tending to produce gradual stages of 



and the anus as in the normal male. In development of the different sex or- 



regard to the spicular apparatus, the gans. Where in one specimen an organ 



three specimens represented three may proceed far along in its transfor- 



transitional grades ; in one the appa- mation, in another it may remain much 



ratus was very similar to that in the less developed when compared with 



normal male. In the third female, other organs involved in the latter 



however, it was totally different. ( See transformation. In a recent paper by 



Figure 11.) Goldschmidt (1922), which has just 



Comparing the intersexes of the dif- come to my attention, he presents an 



ferent species described above, it is explanation of similar cases in his 



very remarkable to note that the differ- broods of Lymantria dispar. This ex- 



ent organs involved in the transforma- planation may also be applied here. He 



tion toward the male sex are not pro- states that the races of Lymantria 



gressive. As in the intersex repre- dispar show a great diversity in the 



sented in Figure 7, the bursal muscles rate of their development, and also in 



and the papillae are more developed regard to the initiation of differentia- 



than in the one sketched in Figure 8, tion of the various organs which are 



where the spicula are of a more ad- known to occur at different intervals of 



vanced type. time. Inasmuch as these characters are 



Furthermore, comparing other cases heritable, the hybrids consequently also 

 mentioned in this paper regarding this show differences in this respect. The 

 character ( f . c, also Figure 6), there variations in the rate and size of de- 

 are more such irregularities. It velopment of the intersexual organs are 

 seems as if there is no correlation a result of these conditions. 



Literature Cited 



Bridges, C. B. Triploid Intersexes in Drosophila melanogaster. Science 59:252. 1921. 



Dadav, E. von. Untersuchungen uber die Suesswasser Mikrofauna Paraguaj's. Zool- 

 ogica, 18:44. 1905. 



DiTLEVSEN, HjALMAR. Danish Free-living Nematods. Vid. Mcdd. fra den Natiirh. Foren. 

 Kobcnhazni, 63:133. 1911. 



Goldschmidt, Rich. Mechanisms and Physiologie der Geschlechts Bestimmung. Berlin, 

 1920. Untersuchungen ueber Intersexualitaet II. Zeitschr. f. induktivc Abstammnngs-und 

 Vcrcrbungs Ichrc, 29:145. 1922. 



Hagmeier, Arthur. Breitraege zur Kenntnis der Mcrmithiden. Zoolog. Jahrb. S\st., 

 32:521-612. PI. 17-21. 1912. 



Keilin, D. and G. H. F. Nuttall. Hermaphroditism and Other Abnormalities in 

 Pediculus hiimanus. Parasitology 11 :279-328. 1919. 



La Vaulx, R. de. L'intersexualite chez un Crustace Cladocere. Bull. Biol. France et 

 Belyiqiie, 55:1-86. 1921. L'intersexualite. Rev. qcner des Sciences pitres et apliqiiees. 33 

 Annee, No. 6. 1922. 



LiNSTOW, O. vox. Hclminthologische Beobachtungen. L. Centralblatt fuer Bakt.. Para- 

 sitenkd. und Infektionskrankheiten. 1. Abt. Orig., 34:526. 1903. 



Man, J. G. de. Cinquieme Note Sur les Nematodes Libres de la Mer du Nord et de la 

 Manche. Mem. Soc. Zool. de France. T. 6. 1893. Nematodes libres. Resultats du Voyage 

 du S. Y. Belgica. Zoologie. Anvers 1904. 



MicoLETZKY, H. Die frcilebcnden Erd-Nematoden. Arch. f. Naturgcsch. 87. Jahrg. 

 Abt. A. 8 u. 9:190. 1921. 



Morgan, T. 11. Variation in the Secondary Sexual Characters of the Fiddler Crab. 

 American Naturalist. 1920. 



Rathbun, M. G. On Intersexes in Fiddler Crab. American Naturalist, 58:80-82. 1921. 



Schneider, Wilhelm. Freilebende Suesswasser Nematoden aus Ostholsteinischen Seen. 

 Arch. f. Hydrobiologie 13:749. 1922. 



Sexton, E. W. and G. S. Huxley. Intersexes in Camniarus clievreu.ri and Related 

 Forms. Jour. Mar Biol. Assoc., Plymouth, Vol. 21. 1921. 



Stekanski, W. Sur les races de Trilobus gracilis Bast. Rez\ Suisse de Zool. Vol. 25. 

 1917. 



Steiner, G. Die von A. Monard (iesammelten Nematoden der Tiefenfauna des Neuen- 

 burgersees. Bull, de la Soc. Neuchatelnise des sciences naturelles. Vol. 43. 1919. 



.Sturtevant, a. p. Intersexes in Drosophila. Science, 51 :325. 1920. 



