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NEW YORK 
BOTANICAL 
GARDEN 
PREFACE 
TO 
eee FIFTH EDITION. 
In the Preface to the First Edition of this Manual, the author 
fully explained the objects he had more especially in view in 
its preparation, and the principal sources from whence he had 
derived the materials necessary for its compilation. That such 
a work was needed, is proved ina marked degree by the sale 
of four very large editions ; and in issuing this Fifth Edition, 
the Author cannot but express the gratification he feels at the 
satisfactory results which have attended his labours, and he 
also takes this opportunity of again returning his sincere thanks 
to many kind friends and correspondents for the assistance they 
have rendered him, by their suggestions, and by the communi- 
cation of many valuable facts. : 
In the last edition attention was especially directed to the 
fact that, in consequence of the very great advances made 
within the last few years in the science of Botany on the Con- 
tinent of Europe, and more especially in Germany, the work 
as been very carefully revised throughout, and in the subjects 
f Histology, Physiology, and the Reproductive Organs of the 
ebiyivitieamia’ * almost rewritten. The great and continued ad- 
vances in these subjects since the last edition have again 
“frendered it necessary to make numerous changes and altera- 
C.»ytions in these portions, and to add several new woodcuts ; 
i jand in so doing the author has to express his obligations to 
CO) Mr. J. W. Groves, Curator of the Anatomical Museum, and 
