KINDS OF STIPULES. 183 
Pea (fig. 377). In the leaves of Lathyrus Aphaca, again ( fig. 
386), there are no true blades, or leaflets, but the stipules, s, s, 
are here very large and perform all their functions. It some- 
times happens that the leaflets of a compound leaf possess little 
stipules of their own, as in the Bean and Bladder Nut ; to these 
the name of stipels has been given, and the leaf is then termed 
stipellate. 
Stipules either remain attached as long as the lamina, when 
they are said to be persistent ; or they fall off soon after its ex- 
pansion, in which case they are deciduous. In the Beech, the Fig, 
the Magnolia, &c., they form the tegymenta or protective coverings 
of the buds, and fall off as these open (page 105). 
Bre. 379. 
Fig. 378. A portion of a branch, 7, of the common Rose (Rosa canina). a.A 
prickle. b. Bud in the axil of a compound leaf, 7, with stalked leaflets. p. 
Petiole. s,’s. Adnate or adherent stipules.——/Fig. 379. Petiolate leaf of 
Pansy (Viola tricolor) with large caulinary stipules at its base. 
Kinds of Stipules.—The stipules vary in their position with 
regard to the petiole and to each other, and have received 
different names accordingly. Thus, when they adhere to each 
side of the base of the petiole, as in the Rose (fig. 378, s, s) 
they are said to be adnate, adherent, or petiolar. When they 
remain as little leafy expansions on each side of the base of the 
petiole, but quite distinct from it, as in many Willows (fig. 274, 
s, s), and the Pansy (fig. 379), they are called caulinary. “When 
the stipules are large, it sometimes happens that they meet on 
the opposite side of the stem or branch from which the leaf grows 
and become united more or less by their outer margins, and thus 
