GLUMES.—PEDUNCLE.—PEDICEL. 197 
the partial inflorescence of a Grass, which is termed a locusta or 
spikelet (page 203), has at its base one or two bracts, which are 
called glumes (fig. 405, gl, gl); while in the Cyperaceze each 
flower arises from the axil of one or two similar bracts. In the 
Grasses we also find that each flower has two other bracts (fig. 
405, ps, pi), which are commonly called pales or palex ; and 
also frequently at the base of the ovary there are two or more 
little scales, also of the nature of bracts, which are usually 
termed squamule, glumellules, or lodicule (fig. 601, sp). 
2. THE PEDUNCLE OR FLOWER STALK. 
The term peduncle is applied to the stalk of a solitary flower, 
whether axillary (jig. 394, 6, b), or terminal (fig. 402), or to a 
floral axis which bears a number of sessile flowers (jigs. 413 and 
414) ; or if the floral axis branches and each branch bears a 
flower (figs. 422 and 423), the main axis is still called a peduncle, 
and the stalk of each flower a pedicel ; or if the axis be still 
further subdivided, the general name of peduncle (jig. 424) is 
applied to the whole, with the exception of the stalks imme- 
diately supporting the flowers, which are in all cases called 
pedicels. When the floral axis is thus branched, it is better to 
speak of the main axis as the primary axis (fig. 424, a’), its 
divisions as the secondary axes a’’, and their divisions as the 
tertiary axes a’”’, &e. 
Kinds of Pedwncle.—Under certain circumstances pedun- 
cles and pedicels have received special names. Thus, when a 
Fic. 406. Fic. 407. 
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Fig. 406. Hypanthodium of the \ 
Fig (Ficus Carica), showing ibe, 
pear-shaped fleshy receptacle i | 
bearing flowers on its inner | 
surface. —— Fig. 407. Coen- I 
anthium of a species of Dor- | 
stenia. 
peduncle is elongated, and gives off from its sides sessile flowers 
(figs. 413 and 414), or branches bearing flowers (figs. 422-424), 
