7 
272 THE GYN@CIUM OR PISTIL. 
more or less sticky, and thus admirably adapted to retain the 
pollen, which is thrown upon it in various ways in the process 
of pollination (page 20). 
Fre. 597. Fie. 598. Fre. 599. 
oe Fic. 600. Fic. 601. 
‘S@ 
Fig. 597. A portion of the pistil of Daphne Laureola. o. Sammit of the 
ovary. ¢. Style terminated by a stigma, s. Fig. 598. A portion of the 
pistil of Plantago saxatilis. o. Summit of the ovary. ¢. Style. s,s. Bi- 
lateral stigma. The above figures are from Jussieu.— Fig. 599. Pistil of 
the Periwinkle (Vinca). o. Ovary. ¢. Style. s. Hairy stigma. d. Disk. 
Fig. 600. Ventral view of the pistil of /sopyrum biternatum, showing the 
double stigma.—— Fig. 601. Pistil of Wheat ( 77riticum sativum ) surrounded 
by three stamens, and two squamule, sp. Two feathery styles or stigmas 
arise from the top of the ovary. 
THE GyNe&crIUM or Pistrt.—Having now described the parts, 
nature, and structure of thecarpel, we are in a position to examine 
in a comprehensive manner the gyncecium or pistil generally, 
which is made up of one or more of such carpels. 
When the gyncecium is formed of but one carpel, as in the 
Broom (fig. 583) and Pea (jig. 603), it is, as we have already 
seen, called simple (page 267), and the terms gyncecium or pistil 
and carpel are then synonymous ; when there is more than one 
carpel, the pistil or gyncecium is termed compound ( figs. 581 and 
582). In a compound pistil, again, the carpels may be either 
separate from each other, as in the Stonecrop (fig. 581), and 
Pheasant’s-eye (fig. 607); or united into one body, as in the 
Primrose (fig. 582), Carnation (jig. 602), and Tobacco (fig. 
584): in the former case the pistil is said to be apocarpous, in 
the latter syncarpous. 
When the pistil is apocarpous, the number of carpels of which 
it is composed is indicated by a Greek numeral prefixed to the 
termination yynia, which means woman or female, in reference 
