SYMMETRY OF THE FLOWER.—DEDUPLICATION. 397 
(fig. 791). In the Magnolia order generally, the increase is 
chiefly remarkable in the carpels (jig. 604, c, c). In Nymphea 
(jig. 790), the petals and stamens are greatly increased in number. 
In many of the Ranunculacez, as Clematis (fig. 792), the stamens 
and carpels are very numerous, owing to addition of whorls. As 
a rule, the increase in the number of whorls is most common 
among the stamens. When the increase is not excessive, the 
number of the organs so increased is, a multiple of the normal 
Fie. 789. Fie. 790. 
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Fig. 789. Diagram of the flower of the Barberry (Berberis)—— Fig. 790. 
Diagram of the flower of Vymphea. 
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number of parts in each whorl ; thus in the Barberry (jig. 789) 
the normal number is three, and that of the sepals, petals, and 
stamens, six, so that in each of these whorls we have double the 
normal number. When the addition of parts extends to beyond 
three or four whorls, this correspondence in number is liable to 
much variation ; and when the addition is very great, as in the 
stamens of the species of Clematis (jig. 792), and the carpels of 
Fic. 792. 
Fig. 791. Diagram of the flower of the Poppy (Papaver).— Fig. 792. Dia- 
gram of the flower of Clematis (Ranunculacee). 
Liriodendron ( fig. 604, c, c), it cannot be well determined, and 
the symmetry is then disguised or destroyed ; which is also the 
case if the whorls are crowded together. 
b. Chorisis or Deduplication.—This is generally looked upon 
by botanists as another means of multiplication of the parts of a 
flower. It consists in the division or splitting of an organ in 
the course of its development, by which two or more organs are 
produced in the place of one. Chorisis differs from augmenta- 
