GUTTIFERH OR CLUSIACEA. 469 
decoction of the leaves of Reaumuria vermiculata is used inter- 
nally ; and the bruised leaves as an external application for the 
cure of scabies. 
Order 4, GUTTIFER® or CLUSIACEH, the Gamboge or Man- 
gosteen Order.—C haracter.—Tvees or shrwbs, sometimes para- 
sitical, with aresinous juice. Leaves ( fig. 916) coriaceous, entire, 
simple, opposite, exstipulate. Flowers usually perfect, sometimes 
unisexual by abortion. Sepals 2, 4, 5) 6, or 8, imbricate, usually 
persistent, frequently unequal and petaloid. Petals hypogy- 
nous, equal in number to ( fig. 916), or a multiple of, the sepals, 
sometimes passing by imperceptible gradations into them. Sta- 
mens usually numerous, rarely few, hypogynous, distinct, mona- 
delphous, or polyadelphous ; anthers adnate, not beaked, in- 
trorse or extrorse, opening by a pore or transverse slit, 2-celled, 
or sometimes I-celled. Disk fleshy, or rarely with five lobes. 
Ovary superior, 1- or many-celled ; style absent ; stigmas peltate 
or radiate (fig. 916); placentas axile. Fruit dehiscent or inde- 
hiscent, 1- or many-celled. Seeds solitary or numerous, fre- 
quently arillate, without albumen ; embryo large, straight, with 
minute cotyledons. 
Diagnosis.—Trees or shrubs with a resinous juice, and with 
opposite, simple, coriaceous, exstipulate leaves. Sepals and 
petals usually having a 
binary arrangement of their Fie. 916. 
parts ; the former imbricate 
and frequently unequal ; the 
latter equal and hypogy- 
nous. Stamens almost al- 
ways numerous; anthers 
adnate, without a_ beak, 
opening by a pore or trans- 
versely. Disk fleshy or 
lobed. Ovary superior, with 
sessile radiate stigmas, and 
axile placentas. Seeds ex- 
albuminous ; cotyledons mi- 
nute. Fig. 916. Flowering stem and fruit of the 
Distribution and Num- Mangosteen plant (Garcinia Mangostanc). 
bers.—Exclusively tropical, 
and especially occurring in moist situations. The larger pro- 
portion are natives of South America, but a few occur in 
Madagascar and the African continent. illustrative Genera: 
—Clusia, Linn.; Garcinia, Linn. There are about 250 
species. 
Properties and Uses.—-The plants of this order are chiefly 
remarkable for yielding a yellow gum-resin of an acrid and 
purgative nature. In many cases, however, the fruits are 
edible, and are held in high estimation for their delicious 
