LEGUMINOSZ— PAPILIONACEA,. 533 
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purgative and emetic; the fresh and dried tops are official in the British 
Pharmacopeeia.— Cytisus junceus, the Spanish Broom, has similar properties. 
The fibre has also been used from an early period in many parts of Southern 
Europe for the manufacture of a coarse kind of cloth for home use ; it has 
been lately much employed in Italy, and a patent has been taken out for 
preparing the fibre. 
Dalbergia —Several species of this genus are good timber trees. The 
most valuable of them all is D. Sissoo. In India its wood is called Sissoo 
and Sissum. East Indian Rosewood, or Black Wood, is obtained from D. 
latifolia. According to Dr. Allemio, of Brazil, the best Rosewood of com- 
merce is derived from D. nigra, a native of Brazil; and other qualities from 
species of Macherium. (See Triptolomxa.) 
Dipteryx.—tThe seeds of D. odorata, a native of Guiana, have a very 
powerful and agreeable odour, which is due to the presence of coumarin. 
They are used for scenting snuff and in perfumery, and are commonly 
known under the name of Tonquin or Tonka Beans. Coumarin is also 
present in other plants of this sub-order, as in the seeds and flowers of 
Melilotus officinal’s and M. cxrulea. Fragrant seeds are also obtained from 
D. eboénsis. They are the Eboe nuts of the Mosquito Coast; they yield a 
fatty oil. 
Flemingia.—The glands of the young legumes of F. rhodocarpa, Baker, 
a native of Arabia and East Tropical Africa, form the dye known at Aden 
under the names of Warus or Wurrus. This, which is in the form of a 
powder, has long been known and used as a dye for silk, for which 
purpose it is commonly mixed with alum, carbonate of soda, &c., when 
it produces a deep, durable, beautiful orange or flame colour. In its 
medicinal activity it is said to resemble Kamala (see Mallotus), with which 
it was formerly confounded. 
Genista tinctoria, the Dyer’s Broom, yields a good yellow dye, or when 
mixed with Woad (Jsatis tinctoria), a green. (See satis.) 
Geoffroya vermifuga, G. spinulosa, and other species, possess barks which 
have similar properties to those from the species of Andira. (See Andira.) 
Glycyrrhiza.—The fresh and Gried roots and underground stems of 
G. glabra, the common Liquorice plant, are official in the British Pharma- 
coporia ; these, as well as those of other species or varieties, particularly 
G. glabra var. glandulifera and G. echinata, possess a remarkably sweet taste, 
which is especially due to the presence of a peculiar glucoside to which the 
name of glycyrrhizin or glycion has been given. Extract of liquorice root is 
imported in very large quantities into this country under the name of 
liquorice juice, or Spanish, or Italian juice, from the countries whence it is 
obtained. The Spanish juice is prepared from G. glabra; the Italian from 
G. echinata. The root and extract of liquorice are employed in medicine as 
flavouring substances, and for their demulcent and emollient properties. 
Various preparations of liquorice are commonly kept in the shops, and sold 
under the names of Pipe liquorice, Pontefract lozenges, Spanish juice, Solazzt 
juice, &e. 
Indigofera tinctoria, I. cerulea, and some other species, when subjected 
to a peculiar process, yield commercial indigo, one of the most important of 
dyeing materials. Sulphate of Indigo has been introduced into the Appendix 
of the British Pharmacopeeia as a test agent. Indigo is very poisonous, 
although in proper doses it has been employed in epilepsy and amenorracea, 
but its value in such diseases rests on no very trustworthy evidence. 
Lens esculenta—The seeds are commonly known under the name of 
Lentils, which have been esteemed from the earliest periods on account of 
their value as an article of food. 
Machxrium.—M. firmum, M. legale, and probably other species, are said 
to be the source of the inferior kinds of Rosewood, (See Dalbergia and 
Triptolome.) 
