LEGUMINOSZ—CASALPINIEA. 585 
appear to yield similar products.— Red Sandal or Red Sanders Wood, which 
is official in the British Pharmacopeeia, is obtained from P. santalinus. It 
is used in medicine as a colouring agent, and also by the dyer for the produc- 
tion of red and scarlet dyes. It contains a peculiar colouring matter called 
Santalin or Suntalic acid.—P. dalbergivides is said to yield the Andaman 
Red Wood. It is a valuable timber tree, and is also ‘useful as a dyeing 
material. The bark of P. flavus is used in China for dyeing yellow. any 
Draco is one of the plants from which the Dragon’s Blood of commerce is 
obtained. This is sometimes, but improperly, called Gum Dragon. The 
true Gum Dragon of the shops is yielded by species of Astragalus. (See 
Astragalus. )—P. angolensis is said to supply the wood exported from Gaboon 
which is the ‘Santal rouge d’Afrique’ of the French, or Barwood of English 
commerce. (See Baphia. Di 
Robinia Pseud-acacia is the North American Locust-tree. -It is fre- 
quently cultivated in Britain on account of its flowers and its hard and 
durable wood. 
Soja hispida. —The seeds are largely used in China, Japan, India, &c., in 
the preparation of the sauce called by ‘the Japanese Sooja, and by us known 
as Soy. The seeds are also consumed in immense quantities by the Japanese 
as a vegetable. 
Sophora japonica.—The dried flower-buds are extensively used in China 
for dyeing yellow. They are known under the name of Wai-fu. 
Tephrosia apollinea and T. toxicaria are used in Africa for the prepara- 
tion of a blue dye resembling indigo. Several species of Tephrosia, parti- 
cularly 7. toxicaria, are employed as fish poisons. They stupefy the fish, 
which are then readily taken by the hand. It has been thought by some 
that 7. toxicaria would act on the human system like Digitalis, and hence 
might be used as a substitute for it in those parts of the world where that 
plant is not a native. The leaflets of 7. apollinea have been employed 
in Egypt to adulterate Alexandrian Senna. They may be readily dis- 
tinguished from Senna leaflets by their silky or silvery appearance, and by 
being equal-sided at the base. 
Trigonella Fenum-grecum.—The powdered seeds of this plant are used 
in veterinary medicine under the name of Fenugreek. They are also em- 
ployed as an ingredient of curry powder ; and for flavouring, &c. the so- 
called concentrated cattle foods. In India they are largely used by the 
natives both as food and medicine ; whilst the fresh plant is consumed as a 
vegetable. 
Triptolomea.—The true Rosewood of cabinet-makers, which is imported 
from Brazil, has been generally regarded as the produce of one or more 
species of this genus, but this is now said to be derived from a species of 
Dalbergia, &c. (See Dalbergia.) 
Voundzea.—The seeds of this plant resemble those of the Arachis hypogea 
in being edible. They are boiled and eaten as peas. Their native name in 
Surinam is Gobbe. 
Sub-order 2. Ca&SALPINIE#.—The plants of this sub-order are princi- 
pally remarkable for their purgative properties. Many important dye- 
woods and several tanning substances are also obtained from plants belong- 
ing to it. The fruits of some again are edible, and none possess any evident 
poisonous properties. 
Baphia nitida, a native of Sierra Leone and other parts of Africa, is said 
by some to furnish the dye-wood known under the name of Barwood or 
Camwood. This wocd produces a brilliant red colour. (See Pterocarpus 
angolensis.) 
Bauhinia —B. Vahlii, B. racemosa, and B. parviflora furnish fibres which 
are used in making ropes ee) retusa produces a kind of gum.—B. varieg1ta 
has an astringent bark, which is used in medicine, and for tanning and 
dyeing leather. The buds and dried flowers of B. tomentosa are also astrin- 
