PEDALIACES. 637 
4—5-lobed. Stamens 2 or 4; anthers 2-celled. Ovary seated 
in a disk, usually 2-celled ; placentas axile; stylel. Fruit 2- 
valved, capsular. Seeds numerous, sessile, large, winged, ex- 
albuminous ; embryo with large leafy cotyledons. 
Distribution and Numbers.—Chiefly tropical plants. Iilus- 
trative Genera:—Bignonia, Linn.; Tecoma, Juss. ; Jacaranda, 
Juss. There are about 450 species. 
Properties and Uses.—The chief interest of the plants of this 
order lies in their beautiful flowers, although some are used 
medicinally and in other ways. 
Bignonia.—From the leaves of Bignonia Chica the Indians of South 
America obtain a red dye called Chica or Carajuru, which is used for paint- 
ing their bodies and arrows, and for other purposes. This Chica must not 
be confounded with Chica or Maize Beer (see Zea Mays), and other Chicas 
which are common drinks of the Indians in South America. An oil is ob- 
tained in India from the wood of Bignonia xylocarpa. It is reputed to be a 
valuable external application in skin diseases, 
Jacaranda.—The bark of Jacaranda bahamensis is employed as an 
anthelmintic in Panama. The leaves of J. lancifolia are said to be useful 
in urethral inflammation; it has been used in the form of an extract. 
Sparattosperma.—The leaves of Sparattosperma leucantha, a Brazilian 
species, have powerful diuretic properties. 
Tecoma.—Some species of Tecoma have astringent properties. The wood 
of several plants of the order is used in Brazil. 
Order 8. PEpattace®, the Pedalium Order. — Charac- 
ter.—Glandular herbs. Leaves entire, exstipulate. Flowers 
axillary, usually large and irregular. Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 
bilabiate. Stamens didynamous with the rudiment of a fifth, 
included ; anthers 2-celled. Ovary on a fleshy or glandular 
disk, 1-celled, with two parietal placentas ; sometimes spuriously 
4—6-celled ; style 1; stigma divided. Fruit bony or capsular. 
Seeds wingless, without albumen ; embryo with large cotyledons, 
and a short radicle. 
Distribution and Numbers.—Chiefly tropical plants. llus- 
tratiwe Genera :—Pedalium, Linn. ; Sesamum, Linn. There are 
about 25 species. 
Properties and Uses.—Chiefly remarkable for their oily seeds. 
Pedalium Murex.---An infusion of the fresh leaves and stems has been 
employed with success in India in dvsuria and gonorrheea. The fruit under 
the name of Gokeroo or Gokhru is also used in India as a remedy for impo- 
tence, nocturnal seminal emissions, and incontinence of urine. 
Sesamum indicum.—The seeds yield by expression a fixed oil which is 
largely used in India, Japan, France, &c., where it is regarded as an efficient 
substitute for Olive Oil. It is also employed in the West Indies; and in 
Egypt and Ceylon it is used for cleansing the skin and hair. It is also said 
to be employed to adulterate Almond Oil. The Oil is known as Benne, 
Sesamé, Til, Teel, Gingili, or Gingelly Oil. This oil is also obtained from 
S. orientale, and both this plant and that of S. indicum are official in the 
Pharmacopeeia of India, as its botanical source. Sesamé seeds are also 
largely used as food in India and Tropical Africa. The leaves of both 
plants are likewise official in the Pharmacopeeia of India, and are employed 
