G44 ANALYSIS OF THE ORDERS IN GAMOPETALA. 
latter is rarely cleft. Capsule membranous, with transverse de- 
hiscence ; placenta free central. Seeds 1, 2, or more, with a 
mucilaginous testa ; embryo transverse, in fleshy albumen. 
Distribution and Numbers.—They abound in cold or tem- 
perate climates, but are more or less diffused over the globe. 
Illustrative Genera :—Littorella, Linn. ; Plantago, Linn. There 
are above 100 species. 
Fie. 1029. 
Fic. 1030. 
Fig. 1029. Plant of a species of 
Rib-grass (Plantago ), with ra- 
dical leaves. —— Fig. 1030. 
Flower of the same. 
Properties and Uses.—Generally of little importance ; but 
some are demulcent, and others astringent. 
Plantago.—The seeds of Plantago Ispaghula, P. amplexicaulis, P. ciliata, 
P. Psyllium, P. Cynops, and others, are demulcent, and may be used in the 
preparation of mucilaginous demulcent drinks ; those of the first species are 
official in the Pharmacopeeia of India, and are commonly there known by 
the Persian name of Jspaghul, or as Spogel seeds. ‘The three first species 
are natives of India, but the two latter are European. The leaves and 
roots of P. lanceolata and some other species are slightly bitter and astrin- 
gent. 
Artificial Analysis of the Orders in the Series of the Sub-class 
GAMOPETALZ 07 COROLLIFLORA. 
* * A few orders belonging to the Sub-class Polypetale, the flowers of which 
are sometimes monopetalous, are also included in this analysis. 
Series 1. INFERZ or EPIGYNA. 
1. Ovary inferior. 
A. Carpel solitary. 
a. Anthers united. 
Ovule solitary, pendulous . ’ : . Calyceracex. 
Ovule solitary, erect near . . Composite. 
