PROTEACEA, 66% 
Order 5. EL#AGNACES%, the Oleaster Order.—C haracter.— 
Small trees or shi “whs, with entire exstipulate usually very scurfy 
( fig. 153) leaves. Flowers mostly unisexual or rarely perfect. 
Male flowers amentaceous, bracteated. Sepals 2—4, distinct or 
united. Stamens definite, perigynous. Female flowers with an 
inferior tubular calyx, and a fleshy disk ; xstivation imbricate. 
Ovary superior, 1-celled, with a solitary ascending ovule. Frwit 
enclosed in the succulent calyx, indehiscent. Seed solitary, as- 
cending, with thin albumen; embryo straight, with an inferior 
radicle. 
Distribution and Numbers.—They are generally diffused 
throughout the northern hemisphere, and rare in the southern. 
Illustrative Genera :—Hippophaé, Linn.; Eleeagnus, Linn. There 
are about 30 species. 
Properties and Uses.—Unimportant. The fruits of Hleagnus 
orientalis are esteemed in Persia under the name of zinzeyd; and 
those of H. arborea, E. conferta, and others, are eaten in certain 
parts of India. Those also of Hippophaé ‘rhamnoides, the Sea- 
Buckthorn, which is a native of England, are also edible, and 
have been employ ed in the preparation of a sauce for fish, but 
their use requires caution from containing a narcotic principle. 
Order 4. ProrrEace®, the Protea Order.—Character.— 
Shrubs or small trees. Leaves hard, dry, opposite or alternate, 
exstipulate. Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Calyx inferior, 
4-partite or of 4 sepals; xstivation valvate. Stamens perigynous, 
equal in number to the partitions of the calyx and opposite to 
them; anthers bursting longitudinally. Uvary simple, superior, 
1-celled, with 1 or more ovules, ascending or suspended. Frwit 
dehiscent or indehiscent. Seeds exalbuminous; embryo straight, 
radicle generally inferior. 
Distribution and Numbers.—Natives chiefly of Australia and 
the Cape of Good Hope. Lllustrative Genera :—Protea, Linn.; 
Banksia, Linu. fil. There are more than 600 species. 
Properties and Uses.—They are chiefly remarkable for the 
beauty or singularity of their flowers and their evergreen foliage. 
But the fruits and seeds of some species are eaten; and the 
wood is largely employed at the Cape and in Australia for bura- 
ing, and occasionally for other purposes ; thus, that of Protea 
grandiflora is used at the Cape of Good Hope for waggon-wheels, 
hence the plant is named Wagenboom. The seeds of Macadamia 
ternifolia, a native of Queensland, are edible. 
Cohort 4. Urticales. — Flowers usually unisexual, or rarely 
hermaphrodite Calyx green, usually regular, rarely absent. 
Stamens opposite the calyx-lobes or sepals. Ovary superior, 
1-celled, or rarely 2-celled ; stigmas 1—2; ovule solitary, 
micropyle always superior. Seeds albuminous or exalbu- 
minous; embryo generally straight. Leaves usually stipulate. 
