664 CANNABINACEA, 
British Pharmacopeeia. The Fig tree is the Teenah of the Bible.—F. oppo- 
sitifolia and F. polycarpa, natives of the East Indies , are said to possess 
emetic properties.—f. elastica, a native of India, vields an inferior kind of 
India-rubber. It is known in commerce as Assam rubber. It also yields 
Java rubber. From other species a similar substance is obtained. The 
juice of F. toriearia and that of F. demona is a very powerful poison.— 
F. Sycomorus (Sycomorus antiquorum), the Sycamore Fig, is said by some 
authors to have vielded the wood from which mummy- cases were made. 
(See Cordia.) Richard states that the Abyssinians eat the inner bark of 
F. panifica. The brown hairy covering of the leaves of F. lasiophylla is 
used as a styptic at Singapore, &e.—F. doliaria is said to have vermifugal 
properties. 
Maclura.—The wood of M. tinctoria, a native of the West Indies and 
South America, is of a golden-yellow colour, and is used in this country 
and elsewhere as a dyeing agent. It is known as Fustic or Old Fustic, 
to distinguish it from Young Fustic, already noticed. (See Rhus.) The 
fruit is edible-—M. aurantiaca is the source of the fruit called Osage Orange, 
the juice of which is used by the native tribes in some districts of America 
as a yellow war paint. 
Morus.—The fruit of Morus nigra is our common Mulberry ; the juice 
is official in the British Pharmacopoeia. Mulberries are well known as a 
dessert fruit ; they are also employed medicinally for their refrigerant and 
slightly laxative properties, and likewise to give colour and flavour to 
medicines. The Sycamine tree of the Bible is supposed to be this plant. 
Tae leaves of this species, as well as those of Morus alba, White Mulberry, 
and others, are in common use as food for silkworms. The roots of both 
MM. nigra and M. alba are said to be cathartic and anthelmintic. 
Urostigma Vogelii is the source of Liberian Rubber. 
Order 3, CANNABINACES®, the Hemp Order.—C haracter.— 
Rough herbs, erect or twining, with a watery juice. Leaves 
opposite or alternate, simple or compound, stipulate, often 
glandular. Flowers small, unisexual, dicecious. Male flowers 
in racemes or panicles. Calyx scaly, imbricate. Stamens 5, op- 
posite the sepals ; filaments filiform. Female flowers in spikes 
or strobiles (fig. 421), each flower with 1 sepal surrounding the 
ovary, which is superior and 1l-celled, and containing a soli- 
tary pendulous campylotropous ovule. rut dry, indehiscent. 
Seed solitary, pendulous, without albumen ; embryo curved or 
spirally coiled, with a superior radicle. 
Distribution and Numbers.—Natives of the temperate parts 
of the northern hemisphere in Europe and Asia. I/lustrative 
Genera :—Cannabis, Tourn.; Humulus, Linn. These are the 
only genera, and each contains but one species. 
Proper ties and Uses.—The plants of this order yield valuable 
fibres, and possess narcotic, stomachic, and tonic properties. 
Cannabis sativa, the Common Hemp.—The valuable fibre called Hemp is 
obtained from this plant. It is principally derived from Russia, but the 
best hemp is produced in Italy. Inferior hemp is obtained from the United 
States and India. In 1873, no less than 1,251,000 ewts. of hemp were im- 
ported into Great Britain. Hemp is chiefly used for cordage, sacking, and 
sail-cloths. This fibre has been known for more than 2,500 years. The 
fruits, commonly termed hemp seeds, are oleaginous and demulcent. They 
are used for feeding birds. When submitted to pressure, they yield about 
