692 MONOCOTYLEDONES. 
Ovules definite. 
Fruit fleshy. Seeds ascending . ‘ . Empetraceer. 
Fruit dry. Seeds suspended ‘ : . Luphorbiacee. 
Root Parasites of Fungoid Texture (Rhizogens of Lindley). 
A. Ovary inferior. Ovulessolitary .  . ‘ - Balanophoracex. 
B. Ovary superior. Ovules indefinite. 
Anthers opening longitudinally . - : . Cytinaceer. 
Anthers opening by pores. : - ? . Rafflesiacer. 
Monochlamydeous or Achlamydeous flowers also occasionally, 
or in some orders always, occur, as already noticed, in plants 
belonging to the following orders of the Sub-classes Polypetalz 
and Gamopetale :— 
Sub-class 1. Polypetalze :— 
Series 1. Thalamiflorze :—Ranwnculacer, Menispermacee, 
Papweracex, Flacourtiacer, Caryophyllacer, Scleranthacex, Pa- 
ronychiacexr, Sterculiacer, Byttneriacex, Tiliacex. 
Series 2. Disciflore :—Malpighiacex, Rutacex, Chailletiacex, 
Xanthoxylacexr, Geraniacer, Celastracexr, Rhamnacex, and Ana- 
cardiacee. 
Series 3. Calyciflorze :—Leguminose, Rosacex, Lythraceex, 
Saxifragacer, Cunoniacer, Begoniacer, Datiscacer, Mesembry- 
acex, Passifloraceer, Myrtacex, Onagracex, Samydacex, Halora- 
gacex, Combretacex, Hamamelidacer, and Araliacex. 
Sub-class 2. Gamopetalze :—Oleacex and Primulacee. 
Class II. MoNnocoTyLEDONEs. 
In the class Monocotyledones, as in the sub-class Monochla- 
mydex, we follow in all essential particulars the arrangement 
of the Orders and characters of the Cohorts as given by Sir 
Joseph Hooker in the English edition of Le Maout and De- 
caisne’s ‘ Traité Général de Botanique,’ instead of that adopted 
by Bentham and Hooker in ‘Genera Plantarum,’ where the 
following Series are given instead of Cohorts :—1. Microsperme. 
2. Epigyne. 3. Coronariee. 4. Calycine. 5. Nudiflore. 6. 
Apocarpe. 7. Glumacez. The characters of these Series are 
given in detail, and lists of the Orders grouped under them 
respectively, in ‘Genera Plantarum.’ 
Sub-class I. Petaloidee. 
Series 1. Inferze or Epigyne. 
Cohort 1. Hydrales.—Flowers regular, usually unisexual. 
Inner whorl of perianth petaloid. Ovary 1—6-celled ; pla- 
centation parietal. Stamens 3 or more. Fruit baccate. Seeds 
numerous ; embryo distinct ; exalbuminous. Aquatic herbs. 
