754 _ GRAMINACEE. 
country and elsewhere. Other Grasses have also, within the 
last few years, been used to a great extent for making paper. 
Almost all Grasses are wholesome, but one or more species 
of Bromus have been erroneously reputed to be purgative, 
Fic. 1106. Fic. 1107. 
Fire. 1109. Pie: igs 
Fie, es 
Fig. 1106. Diagram of a spikelet of the Oat (Avena). (From Le Maout.) gi, 
gl. Two glumes, enclosing two hermaphrodite flowers, and one, a, 
abortive. 6. The outer palea or flowering glume. 6, b. The inner palea. 
p, p. Two scales (squamule or glumellules) ; the dotted curved line on 
the right marks the position of a third abortive scale. e, Stamens. ¢, 
Ovary.—-Fig. 1107. A spikelet (locusta) of the Oat (Avena sativa). ge. 
Outer glume. gi. Inner glume. pe. Outer palea or flowering glume of 
the fertile flower. pi. Inner palea of the same. e. Stamens. 0. Ovary. 
Ja, and a. Abortive flowers.——Fig. 1108. Fertile flower of the Oat, 
without the palez. py. Glumellules. e. Stamens. 9. Ovary. s, s, Feathery 
stigmas.— Vig. 1109. One of the florets of a species of Meadow Grass 
(Poa pratensis).——Fig. 1110. One of the florets of the Hard Fescue 
Grass (Festuca duriuscula).—Fig. 1111. The embryo of the Oat. a. 
Lateral swelling. c. Cotyledon. 7. Radicle. j. Slit corresponding to the 
plumule. 
and one, Lolium temulentum, is said to be narcotic and 
poisonous. The powerful properties of the latter grass may 
possibly be due to its becoming ergotised, as its effects upon the 
system closely resemble those produced by the common Ergot. 
