24l ENGLISH BOTANY. 



lanceolate or ovate, remotely crenate-serrate. Stipules large, leaf- 

 like, lyrate or piunatifid. Calyx Avith very large appendages, often 

 as long as the tube of the corolla. Style short, straight, with a 

 roundish excavated knob at the apex. 



Sub-Species I. — Viola eu-tricolor. 



Plate CLXXVIII. 



V. tricolor, Beich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. III. Viol. Tab. XXI. Fig. 4517, e,f, g. 

 V, tricolor, var. a, AticL Plur. 



Rootstock none. Stem elongated, branched (especially at the 

 base). Stipules of all the leaves lyrate-pinnatifid. Petals longer 

 than the spreading sepals. Capsule ovoid. 



A weed in cultivated ground. Rather common, especially in 

 the North of England and Scotland. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Annual (occasionally Perennial). 

 Summer and Autumn. 



Stems from 6 to 18 inches high, usually dividing close to 

 the crown of the root into several succulent angular branches 

 which are decumbent at the base and then ascending. Lower 

 leaves generally broadly ovate, the uppermost elliptical or lanceo- 

 late, but all very variable in form, and with a few large shallow 

 rounded serratures at the margins. Stipules irregularly pinnatifid, 

 the latei'al lobes usually considerably smaller than the terminal 

 one, which is not unfrequently crenate, but occasionally quite 

 entire. Flowers very variable in the size and relative breadth of 

 the petals. The form common in Orkney has the flowers about au 

 inch across, and If inch from the upper to the lower petals ; but 

 they are generally considerably smaller. The colour also differs 

 much, varying from yellowish white with darker yellow on the 

 lower petal and a slight shade of blue on the ujiper, to wholly 

 purplish blue Avith the upper petals violet-purple, and a yellow 

 spot at the base of the lowest petal which has usually 5 dark 

 purple lines at the base, Avhile the lateral ones have each 3. The 

 spur is also veiy variable in length, but generally a little exceeding 

 the appendages of the sepals. Capsule about | inch long, more 

 or less 3-sided. Plant bright green, generally with veiy small 

 scattered hairs, and the edges of the stipules ciliated with 

 stronger hairs ; as is also frequently the case with the leaves and 

 sepals. 



I feel quite unable to identify Mons. Jordan's species with the 

 British forms of V. tricolor from descriptions ; and the only form 

 belonging to V. eu-tricolor of which I possess an authenticated 



