26 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



base. Stipules of all the leaves lyrate-pinnatifid ; petals sUoiter 

 than, or ouly equalling-, the erect sepals. Capsule globular. 



A weed in cultivated ground. Very common and generally 

 distributed throughout Britain. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Annual (occasionally Perennial). 

 Summer and Autumn. 



Stem usually stouter and more erect than that of V. eu- 

 tricolor. The whole plant paler green. The flowers smaller, ^ to 

 I inch across, with the lateral and lower petals forced forward from 

 the conniving of the four lower sepals. Petals white or yellowish- 

 white, the lower one with a yellow spot at the base aud 5 purple 

 lines. Fruit peduncles more divaricate than in V. cu-tricolor. 

 Capsule nearly gloljose, scarcely at all trigonous. 



I feel very great doulits whether this can be separated as a sub- 

 species from the larger form, but sown in a garden it shows no 

 tendency to pass into it. V. agrestis (Jord.), contempta (Jord.), 

 and segetalis (Jord.), appear to belong to V. arvensis. The root 

 of this form not unfrequently lives through the winter, but does 

 not even then produce a subterranean branched rootstock, as in the 

 two following. 



Small-flowered Field Tansy. 



Flench, Violelte des Champs. 



Sub-Species III.— Viola CtU'tisii. Forster. 



Plate CLXXX. 



V. lutea ft, Curtisii, Bah. (in jiait) Man. Brit. Bot. ed. v. p. .39. 



V. tricolor, var. lluok. k Am. Brit. Fl. ed. viii. p. 49. Bah. (in part), Man. Brit. But, 



ed. V. p. 40. 

 V. sabulosa, " Boreau." Baker, in Report of Thirsk Nat. Hist. Soc. Ex. Club, 1859, p. 7. 



E/Ootstock branched, with the branches tufted, producing rather 

 short decumbent stems and short subterranean stolons. Stipules 

 of the lowest leaves digitate-pinnatifid. Petals equalling or a little 

 exceeding- the sepals, spreading. Capsule oblong-ovoid, 3-sided. 



On sandy seashores. Pare. In the West of England and in 

 Ireland ; Braunton Burrows, near Bideford, Devonshire; Llyn-Coron, 

 Anglesea (with yellow flowers and small stipules) ; New Brighton, 

 Cheshire ; Portmamock, near Dublin (with yellow, l:)lue, and 

 purple flowers, and small stipules) ; and MuUaghmore, Sligo, with 

 yellow flowers and large stipules. Some of these forms probably 

 occur at the Land's End, Cornwall, and at Cromlyn Burrows, 

 Glamorgan ; but I have seen no specimens from these stations. 



England, Ireland. Perennial. Summer and Autumn. 



