224 ENGLISH BOTANY. 



towards the base of the cells, more rarely at the apex. Ovules 2 

 (more rarely 1) or numerous. Fruit of various forms (capsular, 

 herry-like, drupaceous or samaroid). Seeds commonly erect or 

 ascending, enclosed in an arillus (arillode), sometimes winged. 

 Albumen fleshy or none. Embryo generally large, with flat folia- 

 ceous cotyledons ; radicle near the hilum. 



GENUS J.— E U O N Y M U S. 



Calyx 4- or 5-cleft with the segments spreading or recurved. 

 Petals 4 or 5, inserted at the base of the disk, spreading, entire, 

 toothed or fimbriated. Stamens 4 or 5, inserted above the disk, 

 rarely on its mai'gin. Filaments short. Disk fleshy, 4- or 5-lobed. 

 Capsule 3- to 5-celled, 3- to 5-lobed with the lobes angular or winged 

 on the back, leathery, often rough ; cells 1- or 2-seeded. Seed com- 

 pletely enclosed in an arillus when ripe. 



Trees or shrubs, generally erect, with the branches commonly 

 tetragonal. Leaves opposite, stalked, entire or serrate, glabrous. 

 Stipules caducous. Peduncles axillary, cymose, generally few- 

 flowered. Flowers small, generally greenish or purplish. 



The name is supposed to come from lvq (exs), good, and ovoiiu (o)ioma), a name — 

 well-named ; though why such an appellation should be thought satisfactory we 

 cannot tell. 



' SPECIES I.— E UONYMUS EUROP^US. Lirm. 



Plate CCCXVII. 

 Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. VI. Theac. Tab. CCCIX. Fig. 5134. 



Branches smooth, not verrucose, somewhat 4-sided. Leaves 

 elliptical or oval-elliptical, acute or acuminate, indistinctly serrate. 

 Peduncles compressed, axillary, 3- to 12-flowered. Flowers mostly 

 tetramerous. Petals oblong. Fruit deeply lobed, the lobes 

 rounded (not winged) on the back. 



In woods, thickets, and hedges. Common in England, espe- 

 cially in chalky districts ; rare in Scotland, but certainly wild on 

 the coast of Kirkcudbright, and apparently so near St. Anthony's 

 Well, Edinburgh, and also in Lanarkshire. 



England, Scotland, Ireland. Tree. Early Summer. 



A large shrub or small tree, usually 8 to 12 feet high, but 

 sometimes as much as 20, with smooth greyish bark on the trunk ; 

 the younger branches with green bark. Leaves opposite, shortly 



