XXlll 



I shall next proceed to explain and desci-ibe the different parts composing insects, by 

 dividing them into the Head, Thorax, Abdomen, and Limbs.* 



The Head (Fig. 1, 2, 3, a.) includes the antenna, mouth, palpi, eyes, tongue, 



JAWS, and horns. 



The AntenncB are formed of various shapes, accorchng to the different genera, as may be observed in 

 the figures, and seem instituted by nature not only for guiding the animal in its passage, but likewise 

 for other purposes; being endued with an exquisite sense of feeling and perception. Fig. \. d d. 

 Fig. 2. c. Fig. 3. c c. 



The 3Iouth is placed in the head, but sometimes close to the breast, as in the spider tribe ; sometimes 

 terminating in a horny beak, as in Plate .32. Fig. 1. also in Plate 42. Fig. 3 and 7. In some it is 

 furnished with strong mandibles like pincers, as in Plate 32. Fig. 6. and Plate 37. Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. 

 In others it is so covered and guarded by the palpi, particularly among the moths, that it is not to 

 be seen. 



The Palpi are parts placed close to the mouth, and variously shaped ; as may be seen by comparing 

 those of the Lepidopterous with those of the Coleopterous, and other tribes ; consisting of a greater 

 or less number according to the species or genus ; in some being only two, in most of them four, 

 and in some six, (Cicindela, Carabus, Linn.) The use and pui-pose of these parts we are ignorant 

 of. Fig. 1. c c. Fig. 2. b. Fig. 3. b b. 



The Eyes are generally immoveable, and suited differently ; in some to see only in the night, in others 

 in the day ; and differ in number according to the genera and species, having in general two only, 

 but in some five,f in others eight, as the spiders. Fig. I. b b. Fig. 3. d d. 



The Tongue (elongated maxillje) is sometimes curled up spirally like the spring of a watch, as in 

 butterflies and some moths, &c. in others it (including the labium) is doubled under the head, as in 

 bees and wasps ; but a great many species are destitute of this elongated part. 



The Thorax is principally composed of the back, breast, and in some the scutellum, 

 in others the iAiesosternum and dilated posterior cox^. 



The Back, dorsum or upper part, answering to the back in some animals, terminates in some species 



in a triangular manner, so as to represent the scutellum, as in Plate 33. Fig. 5, 6, and 8. Tab. 



Ann. Fig. 1./. Fig. 2. e. 

 The Breast, or sternum, is the under part of the thorax, and always furnished with legs. 

 The Scutellum is a small but hard part like a scale, frequently of a triangular shape, placed behind the 



dorsum of the prothoras, and joining to it. It is not developed in every genus, being chiefly perceived 



in the Coleopterous, Hemipterous, and transparent-winged orders. 

 The Mesosternum is united to the fore part of the breast, extending beyond the middle legs towards 



the fore ones; and observable only in some species of the Coleopterous order. By Linnaeus and 



several other authors it is called sternum. 



In these definitions, I have thought it serviceable to give the modern names without introducing those, now out of use, 

 employed by Drury, &c. The most conspicuous parts are alone noticed. (J. O. W.) 



t By five eyes, I mean those that have three lesser ones, as in Plate 43, 44, 45, &c. See the Plate in the Preface, fig. 4. 



