ORGANS OF KEFRODUCTION. 



119 



{Jig. 428) and Antirrhinum {fig. 611) ; or transversely, as in 

 the Anagallis {fig. 692), Henhane {fig. 668), &c. ; in the 

 latter case the fruit has received the distinctiAe name of Pyxis 

 or Pyxidium. The capsule is one-celled in the Mignonette 

 {fig. 650), Heart's-ease {fig. 665), Gentian {fig. 664), &c.; it is 

 two or more celled in the Scrophularia {fig. 693), Colchicum 

 {fiq. 654), Iris, {fig. 690), Datura {fig. 663, 2), &c. It assumes 

 various forms, some of Avhicli are remai-kable, as those of 

 Helicteres {fig. 691), where it is composed of live carpels 

 twisted together in a spiral form, and Illicium anisatum, where 

 the carpels are arranged in a stellate manner. It is a very 



Fig. 693. 



Fig. 693, 2. 



Fig. 603. Fruit or capsule of 

 a species of Scrophularia, de- 

 hiscing in a septicidal manner. 

 Fig. 69.'.. 2. Fruit of Sand- 

 box tree ( Hura crepitans'). It 

 is composed of fifteen cari)els. 

 which burst from the axis with great force 



common fruit, and is found almost universally in some natural 

 orders, as PapaveracejE, Caryophyllacege, Primulaceae, Scro- 

 phulariacejE, LiliacejK, Iridacere, Gentianacese, &c., &c. 



"When a capsule consists of three or more cells, which sepa- 

 rate from the axis, and hurst with elasticity {cocci), as in Picinus 

 {fig. 660), Euphorbia, Hura crepitans {fig. 693, 2), &c., it has 

 been termed a Regma. 



In the Campanulas {figs. 671 and 672), we have a fruit which 

 resembles the ordinarj^ capsule in every respect, except that it 

 is inferior. Such a form of capsule has received the name of 

 Diplotegia. (See p. 322.) 



2. The Sdiqua is a superior, one or two-celled, many-seeded, 

 long, narrow fruit, dehiscing by two valves separating from 

 below upwards, and leading the seeds attached to two parietal 

 placentas, which are commonly connected together by a spurious 

 vertical dissepiment, called a replum {fig. 600). The placentas 

 are opposite to the lobes of the stigma, instead of alternate, as 

 is the case in all fruits which are regular in structure. When the 

 replum extends entirely across the fruit it is two-celled ; if only 

 partially, it isr^one-celled. Examples of this fruit occm* in the 

 Wallflower (fig. 666), Stock, Cabbages, and in many other 



