320 



ORGANOGRAPHY. 



Crucifero3. When a fruit possesses the general structure of the 

 siliqua, hut with the lobes of the stigma alternate with the 

 placentas, as in Chelidonium (Jig. 667), it has been named a 

 Ceratium or a siliquiform capsule. 



The siliqua is sometimes contracted in the spaces between 

 each seed, like the lomentum, in which case it is indehiscent, 

 as in Raphanus maritimus and sativus, &c. This is called a 

 Jjomentaceoiis siliqua. 



3. The Silicula. This fruit resembles the siliqua in every 

 respect, except its length. Thus the siliqua, may be described 

 as long and narrow — the silicula, as broad and short. Ex- 

 amples occur in the Shepherd's Purse {fig. 694), and Scurvy- 

 grass. 



Fig. 694. 



Fig. 695. 



Fig. 696. 



Fig. 694. Silicula of Shepherd's Purse {Tfilaspi) Fig. 095. Transverse section 



of the fruit of the Orange (C%r?« ^wrrtwCmtti). ^. Epicarp. e. Mesooarp. rf. En- 



docarp. s. Seed Fig. C96. Monstrous development of the fruit of the Orange, 



in which tlie carpels, ce, and ci, are more or less distinct instead of being 

 united. (From Baljour.) 



The siliqua or the silicula are found universally and only in 

 plants of the order Crucifera3. 



C. WITH FLESHY AND INDEHISCENT PERICARPS. 



1. The Hesperidium is a superior, many-celled, few-seeded, in- 

 dehiscent fruit, consisting of a separable rind, formed of the epi- 

 carp and mesocarp combined together (fig. 69^, p e), and having an 

 endocarp d projecting internally in the form of membranous par- 

 titions, which divide the pulp into a number of portions or cells, 

 which arc easily separated from each other. This ])uli), as already 

 noticed, is cither a development of succulent parenchyma from 

 the inner lining of the ovary generally, or from tlic jjlacentas 

 only. The seeds, s, arc imbedded in the pulp, and attached to the 

 inner angle of each of the divisions into which the fruit is 

 divided, By some botanists the orange is considered as a beny 

 with a leathery rind, but the latter is essentially difl'crent in its 

 origin, as it is an inferior fruit. The fruit of tlie Orange, Lemon, 



