322 OKGANOGRAPHT. 



3. The Glans or Nut is an inferior, dry, hard; indchiscent, 

 one-celled, one or two- seeded fruit, produced from an ovary of 

 two or more cells, with one or more ovules in each cell, all of which 

 become abortive in the progress of growth except one or two. 

 The three layers constituting the pericarp of the nut are firmly 

 coherent and indistinguishable, and the whole is more or less 

 enclosed by that kind of involucre called a cupule. The Acorn 

 (Jig. 377), and the Hazel-nut (fiy. 378), may be taken as 

 examples. By some botanists the fruit of the Coco-nut palm 

 is called a nut, but this differs in being superior, and in its 

 pericarp presenting a distinction into epicarp, mesocarp, and 

 endocarp. Such a fruit is better described as nut-like. By 

 others again, the Coco-nut is described as a drupe with a 

 fibrous mesocarp. 



b. WITH A DRY DEHISCENT PERICARP. 



I. Diplotegia. — This is the only kind of inferior fruit which 

 presents a dry dehiscent pericarp. It has already been stated 

 under the head of Capsule, that the diplotegia differs in nothing 

 from it, except in being inferior. The Campanula is an example 

 of this fruit (Jigs. 671 and 672). It may open either by pores, 

 or valves, like the ordinary capsule. 



C. WITH A FLESHY INDEHISCENT PERICARP. 



1. The Bacca or Berry is an inferior, indchiscent, one or more 

 celled, many- seeded, pulpy fruit {figs. 698 and 699). The pulp 



Fig. 698. Fig. 699. Fig. 700. 



lid. <'!W- Transverse section of a berry of tlie Gooseberry {Ribca Giosmilarin). 



]il. PlaceiitaH. h p. Seeds inibeililed in i)ulp J'lf/. GW. Clusters of berries 



of the Ked Currant (Jiibes rubrum) Fiy. 700. Nuculanium or fruit of the 



Vine (. TiVm vinij'eru). 



is formed from the i)laccntas, which arc jvarietal pi, and have the 

 seeds s at first attached to them {fig. 698); but the latter become 



