432 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY, OR 



2. Hyposfaminece, in which the stamens are inserted into 



the thalamus, and do not adhere to the corolla; 

 ovary superior. 



3. Epipetalce or Epicorollce, in which the corolla arises 



from the thalamus, and has the stamens attached to 

 it; ovary superior. 



Sub-class 4. MonochlamydecE or Apetalce.' — Flowers either 

 having a calyx only, or Avithout both calyx 

 and corolla. 



Division 2. Gymnospermia, in which the ovules are naked or 

 not enclosed in an ovary, and are fertilized di- 

 rectly by the action of the pollen. 



Class 2. MoNocoTYLEDONES, in which the embryo is monoco- 

 tyledonous ; the germination endorhizal; the stem 

 endogenous; the leaves usually with a parallel vena- 

 tion ; and the flowers with a ternary arrangement. 

 In this class we have three sub-classes: — 



Sub-class 1. Dictyogence. — Leaves with a reticulated vena- 

 tion, deciduous; rhizome and root with the 

 / wood arranged in a concentric manner; floral 



envelopes verticillate. 



^ Sub-class 2. Petaloidece or FloridcB. — Leaves with a parallel 



/ venation, permanent ; floral envelopes (pe- 



{ rianth) verticillate and usually coloured, 



/ rarely scaly, sometimes absent. This sub- 



/ class has three sub- divisions: — 



I 1. Epigt/nce, in which the flowers are usually herma- 



phrodite ; the perianth adherent ; and the ovary 

 inferior. 

 f 2. HypogyncE, in which the flowers are usually herma^ 



/ phroditc; the perianth free ; and the ovary superior. 



3. Diclines, in which the flowers are usually unisexual; 

 the perianth either absent, or consisting of a few 

 scales. 



Sub-class 3. GlumacecE. — Leaves parallel-veined, perma- 

 nent; flowers glumaceous, that is, having no 

 proper perianth, but consisting of imbricated 

 bracts. 



The Cryptogamia constitutes a class by itself, thus : — 



Class 3. AcoTYLEDONES, are those plants which arc ])ropagatcd 

 by s])orcs, and are therefore acotylcdonous, and have 

 an indefinite or vague germination; the stem is pre- 

 sent or absent, in the former case, whcu woody, it is 



