TIIALAillFLOK^. 



Fig. 853. Fig. 854. 



44: 



Fig. 853. Diagram of the flower of the Poppy, with two sepals, four! 

 crumpled petals, numerous stamens, and a compound pistil with several! 



parietal placentas Fig. 854. Flower of Celandine iChelidoniumr 



tnajus). sti. 2 stigmas on the apex of a lengthened or pod-like ovary. 

 Fig.Hoo. fciliquae-form or pod- shaped capsule of Celandine. 



multiple of 4, or very rarely wanting, usually crumpled in 

 aestivation (fg. 853), hypogynous. Stamens generally nume- 

 rous, hypogynous (Jigs. 853 and 854); anthers 2-celled, innate 

 (fig. 428). Ovary 1-celled, with 2 (fig. 855) or more (fig. 853) 

 parietal placentas, Avhich project more or less from the walls 

 into its cavity, and in Romneya actually adhere in the axis ; 

 styles absent (fig. 428), or very short; stigmas 2 (fig. 854, sti), (or 

 many (fig. 428, .sit), opposite to the placenta, processes ; when 

 numerous, they form a star-like process on the top of the ovary 

 {fig. 428); ovules numerous. Fruit 1-celled, and either pod- 

 shaped, with 2 parietal placentas (fig. 855), or capsular, with 

 several placentas (fig. 428); dehiscing by valves or pores, or 

 sometimes indehiscent. Seeds usually numerous ; embryo in 

 fleshy-oily albumen (fig. 753). 



Diagnosis. — Usually herbs with a milky juice. Leaves 

 alternate and exstipulate. Peduncles 1 -flowered; flowers regular 

 and symmetrical. Calyx and corolla with a binary or ternary 

 arrangement of their parts, deciduous, hypogynous. Stamens 

 numerous, hypogynous. Ovary compound, 1-celled, with 

 parietal placentas, stigmas opposite to the placentas. Fruit 

 1-celled. Seeds numerous, albuminous. 



Distribution, Sfc. — Nearly two-thirds of the plants of this 

 order are natives of Europe, and are mostly annuals. They 

 are almost unknown in tropical regions, and are but sparingly 

 distributed out of Europe in a wild condition. Examples: — 

 Sanguinaria, Argemone, Chehdonium, Papaver, Glaucium, 

 Eschscholtzia. There are 1 8 genera, and 1 30 species. 



Properties and Uses. — The plants of this order are in almost 



