THALAJIIFLOR^. 



501 



The Rue Order {figs. 900 and 

 Trees, shrubs, or rarely herbs. 



Fig. 900. 



Fig. 901. 



Natural Order 59. Rutaceje 

 901). — General Character. 

 Leaves exstipulate, oppo- 

 site or alternate, simple or 

 pinnated, dotted. Flowers 

 perfect {fig. 564), regular 

 or irregular. Calyx hav- 

 ing 4 — 5 segments {fig. 

 900), imbricated. Petals 

 equal in number to the 

 divisions of the calyx {fig. 

 900), or wanting, rarely 

 combined so as to form 

 a monopetalous corolla; 

 (estivation usually twisted, 



rarely valvate. Stamens Fig. 900. Diagram of the flower of the Common 



1 . , , • Rue iButa graveolens') Fig. 901. Vertical 



equal m number, or twice gection of the seed of the same. 

 (^(75.564,596,and900),or 



thrice as many as the petals, or rarely fewer by abortion, inserted 

 on the outside of a cup-shaped, hypogynous disk {fig. 564). 

 Ovary sessile {fig. 564), or supported on a stalk {fig. 609) ; it is 

 composed of from 2 to 5 carpels, which are either distinct, or 

 united so as to form a compound ovary having as many cells as 

 there are component carpels ; style simple {fi^. 564), or divided 

 towards the base ; ovules 2, 4, or rarely more, in each carpel. 

 Fruit capsular, its carpels either coherent, or more or less distinct. 

 Seeds solitary or in pairs ; albumen present or absent ; radicle 

 superior {fig. 901). 



Diagnosis. — Herbs, shrubs, or trees, with exstipulate dotted 

 leaves. Flowers perfect. Calyx and corolla with a quaternary 

 or quinary distribution of their parts; the former with an im- 

 bricated aestivation, the latter twisted or valvate, and sometimes 

 wanting. Stamens equal in number, or twice, or thrice as many 

 as the petals, or fewer, inserted on the outside of a hypogynous 

 disk. Ovary of from 2 5 carpels, separate or combined, either 

 sessile, or elevated upon a stalk ; ovules sessile. Fruit capsular. 

 Embryo Avith a superior radicle. Albumen present or absent. 



Division of the Order, Sfc — The Rutacese have been divided 

 into 2 sub-orders, as follows : — 



Sub-order 1. RutecE. — Seeds containing albumen. Fruit with 

 the sarcocarp and endocarp combined. Examples : — Ruta, 

 Haplophyllum. 



Sub-order 2. Diosmece. — Seeds exalbuminous. Fruit having 

 the sarcocarp separate from the endocarp when ripe. Ex- 

 amples : — Barosma, Diosma. 



These sub-orders are by no means well established. 



Distribution, ^c. — The Rutese are found chiefly in the 

 K K 3 



