524 



SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. 



stances, — that from the former, is termed Chibou or Cachibou resin,— -that 

 from the latter, Resin of Carana. 



Canarium commune {C. xephyrinum of Rumph), is the probable source of 

 Manilla Elemi. C. balsaryiiferum of Ceylon, and C. album, a native of the 

 Philippine Islands, also yield fragrant resinous substances resembling ElemL 



Amyris xeylajiicum, hexandra, and Plumieri, have been also stated to yield 

 a portion ot the Elemi of commerce, but there is no proof whatever of this 

 being the case. A. balsamifera is reputed to furnish one kind of Lignum 

 Rhodium. A. toxifera, as its name implies, is regarded as poisonous. 



Balanites cegyptiaca, has slightly acid leaves, which are reputed to be 

 anthelmintic, while the unripe fruits are acrid, bitter, and purgative; they 

 are eaten, however, when ripe. The seeds of this plant also yield by ex- 

 pression, a fixed oil of a fatty nature, called xachun in Egypt, where the plant 

 is cultivated. 



Natural Order 80. 

 minous Order {Jigs. 



Leguminosje or Fabace^. — The Legu- 

 912 — 915).. — General Character — 



Fig. 912. Fig. 913. 



Fig. 914. 



. 915. 



Fig. 912. Diagram of the flower of the garden pea (,PifU7n sativum), s. Se- 

 pals, ps. Superior petal, pi, pi. Inferior petals, pl.pl. Lateral petals. 



e, ct. Stamens, c. Carpel. Fi(/. 013. A flower of the above, et. Standard or 



vexillum. at. Wings or alas. car. Carina or keel enclosing the essential 



organs, c. Calyx Fiff. <H4. The essential organs of the same surroinided 



bythecalyxc. c«. Bundle of nine stamens. eZ. Solitary stamen. s(. Style 

 and stigma Fig. 915. The fruit of the same with one valve removed. 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves alternate, stipulate, usually com- 

 pound (Jigs. 256 and 354). Calt/x (Jigs. 912 s and 913 c), 

 monoscpalous, inferior, more or less deeply divided into 5 parts, 

 the odd division bcin<^ anterior. Petals usually 5 (Jig. 912), or 

 sometimes by abortion 4, 3, 2, 1, or none, inserted into the 

 base of the calyx, equal or unequal, often papilionaceous (Jig. 

 913); the odd ])etal, if any, posterior, (Jig. 912). Stamens definite 

 (Jig^. 912 and 914), or indefinite, usually peri<2:ynous, rarely 

 hypoprynous, distinct, or coherent in 1, 2 (Jig. 540), or rarely 3 

 bundles ; anthers versatile. Oinr?/ superior, usually formed o'f 1 

 carpel (Jigs. 588 and 914), although rarely of 2 or 5; 1-cclled, 

 with I, 2, or many ovules; sti/le and stigma simi)le (Jig. 588). 

 Fruit usually a legume (Jigs. 653, and 673—675), sometimes 

 a lomeutum (Jigs. 670 and G76), and rarely a drupe. Seeds 



