CALYCIFLOE^. 551 



698 pi). Fruit pulpy (figs. 698 and 699). Seeds numerous ; 

 embryo minute, in horny albumen. 



Distribution, ^c— Natives of the temperate regions of Europe, 

 Asia, and North America. Examples : — Ribes, Polyosma. 

 There are but 2 genera, and 95 species. 



Properties and Uses. — Some are showy garden plants, as 

 Hibes fuchsioides, sanuuineum, aureum, coccineum, 8fc., but they 

 are chiefly remarkable for their agreeable acid fruits. Thus, 

 Hibes Grossularia is the Gooseberry; i?. rMftrwrn yields both Red 

 and White Currants, and R. nigrum is the Black Currant. 



Natural Order ] 04. Escalloniace^. — The Escallonia Order. 



— Evergreen shrubs, with alternate exstipulate leaves, and 

 axillary showy flowers. Calyx superior, 5-toothed, imbricated 

 in aestivation. Petals 5, alternate with the divisions of the 

 calyx, and arising from it. Stamens 5, alternate with the petals, 

 and inserted on the calyx. Ox^ary inferior, 2 — 5-celled, crowned 

 by a cone-shaped disk ; placentas axile ; style simple ; stigma 

 2 — 5-lobed. Fruit capsular or baccate, crowned by the per- 

 sistent style and calyx. Seeds very numerous, minute ; embryo 

 minute, in a mass of oily albumen. 



Distribution, Sfc. — They are chiefly natives of the mountains 

 of South America. Examples: — Escallonia, Forgesia, Itea. 

 There are 7 genera, and 60 species. 



Properties and Uses. — Unknown. 



Natural Order 105. Philadelphace J3. — The Syringa Order. 



— Shrubs. Leaves opposite, deciduous, exstipulate. Calyx 

 superior, persistent, 4 — 10-lobed, with a valvate aestivation. 

 Petals equal in number to the divisions of the calyx, and alter- 

 nate with them. Stamens numerous, arising from the calyx. 

 Ovary inferior ; styles united or distinct ; stigmas several. 

 Capsule half-inferior, 4 — 10-celled, placentas axile. Seeds 

 numerous, with fleshy albumen. 



Distribution, ^c. — Natives of the South of Europe, North 

 America, Japan, and India. Examples: — Philadelphus, Deutzia. 

 There are 4 genera, and 25 species. 



Properties and Uses. — Of little importance. The leaves of 

 some species of Deutzia, especially those of D. scabra, are 

 covered with beautiful scales, hence from their roughness, 

 they are used in Japan for polishing purposes. Philadelphus 

 coronarius is commonly cultivated in our shrubberies. It is a 

 native of the south of Europe. It is generally known as the 

 Syringa; or in America, as the Mock Orange, from its flowers 

 somewhat resembling the Orange in appearance and in their 

 powerful odour. This odour is due to the presence of a volatile 

 oil, which may be readily obtained from them by distillation 

 with water. The leaves of the Syringa have a flavour resembling 

 the cucumber. 



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