COROLLIFLOK^. 



Fig. 956. 



577 



Fig. 9.56. Styles and stigmas of Composite Flowers to illustrate De Candolle's 

 tribes, after Heyland and Lindley. 1. Albertinia erythropappa (Verno- 

 niese). 2. Anisochceta mikanioides (Eupatorieae). 3. BUimea senecioides 

 (Asteroideae). 4. Jfendezia bicolor (Senecioidese). .5. Lipochceta umhellata 

 (.Senecioideae). 6. Aplotaxis nepalensis (Cynareae). 7. Leucomeris spectabilis 

 CMutisieae). 8. Leuceria tenuis (Nassavieae). 



Diagnosis — Herbs or shrubs, with exstipulate leaves. Flowers 

 (called florets) arranged in dense capitula, and surrounded by 

 an involucre. Calyx superior, its limb abortive, or mem- 

 branous, or pappose. Corolla monopetalous, 4 — 5-toothed. 

 Stamens epipetalous, equal in number to the di\'isions of the 

 corolla (generally 5), and alternate with them ; anthers syn- 

 genesious. Ovary inferior, J -celled with 1 erect o-\nile, style 

 simple, bifid above. Fruit 1-celled, dry, indehiscent. Seed 

 solitary, erect, exalbuminous ; radicle inferior. 



Division of the Order. Sfc. — This order has been differently 

 divided by authors. By Linnaeus, the plants of his class 

 Syngenesia, division Polygamia, (which corresponded to the Na- 

 tural Order Compositce as above defined,) were divided into five 

 orders, under the names of Polygamia JEqualis, Superflua, Fnis- 

 tanea, Necessaria, and Segregata. The characters of these have 

 been already stated at page 412. Jussieu separated the Com- 

 positge into three sub-orders as follows: — 1. CorymbifercE, the 

 plants of which have all tubular (flosculous) and perfect florets; 

 or those of the disk (centre) are tubular and perfect, and those 

 of the ray (circumference) tubular and pistiHiferous, or hgulate 

 (radiant). 2. CyrmrocephalcE, the florets of which are all tubular 

 and perfect ; or those in the centre are perfect, and those of the 

 ray neuter : and .3. Cichoracece, having all the florets ligulate 

 and perfect. A fourth sub-order was afterwards added, called 



