68 22. UMBELLTFER.E. 



wnrds and lisina; between the last pair of leaves; calyx- 

 lobes ;"). almost equal ; styles 5. 



Near Port Victor.- -Sept. -Nov. — South Africa. 

 Family 22.— UMBELLIFER/E. 



Calyx combined with the ovary, the limb either want- 

 ing or reduced to 5 small teeth ; petals and stamens 5, 

 inserted round the fleshy disk which crowns the ovary : 

 styles 2, in the centre of the disk ; fruit dry, consisting of 

 2 1-seeded indehiscent carpels, at first united along their 

 inner face ( co)u)nissurc), afterwards separating upwards 

 and remaining suspended on a slender central axis ( car- 

 pophorc), which is entire or more or less deeply .split in 

 two; each carpel has normally o primary ribs, and between 

 the primary ribs are interstices (furrows) or sometimes 4 

 secondary ribs, down which run usually 1 or more oil- 

 bearing channels ( vittasj, which become visible when a 

 transA'crse section of tlie ripe fi'uit is placed under the 

 lens. Flowers in umbels, which are usually furnished at 

 the base with a whorl of bracts (invulucrej ; if the umbel 

 is compound — as in all the species descri))ed below — -each 

 branch or primary ray bears a simple umbel (umhellulej, 

 the bracts at the base of which are called an iin-(jlucel. 

 Herbs with alternate, usually compound leaves, the petiole 

 widened into a sheath at base. 



A. Leaves entire ; fruit ovoid, somewhat 



compressed laterally Bupleurum 1 



A. Leaves deeply cut. 

 B. Fruit prickly. 



Fruit compressed from front to back ... Daucus 2 

 Fruit compressed from side to side ... Caucalis 3 

 B. Fruit without prickles. 

 C. Carpels with smooth ribs. 



Fruit oblong, not compressed ; no 



involucre Fceniculum 4 



Fruit compressed from side to side. 



Fruit long, with a long beak ... Scandix 5 

 Fruit subglobular or ovoid. 

 Loaf-segments deeply lobed ; no 



involucre; land plant AriUM 6 



Leaf-segments merely toothed ; 

 involucre present ; aquatic 



plant ... SiuM 7 



C. Carpels with wavy ribs ; leaves much 



divided; stem stout, spotted Conium 



1. BUPLEURUM, L. 



1. BupleuruiYi semicotnpositum, L. Small, 

 dark-green, glabrous annual; stem slender with .short, 

 divergent branches ; leaves linear, grassiike, y-5-ncrved ; 

 flowers yellow, in terminal umbels of 3-5 very unequal 

 rays; umbellules of 3-6 flowers on .short unequal pedicels; 



