25. VALERTANACEiE. 



1. Gaiiutn tricorne, AVith. 



Three-horned Bedstrair. Annual; 

 stems ascending, clinging; to 

 other plants by curved prickles 

 on the 4 angles ; leaves in 

 whorls of 6 or 8, linear- 

 lanceolate, mucronate, the edges 

 and midrib prickly ; flowers 

 small, whitish, in 2 opposite, 

 axillary, 3-floAA'ered clusters on 

 peduncles shorter than the 

 leaves : pedicels recurved in 

 fruit and usually with 2 long 

 bracts at base ; carpels globu- 

 lar, covered with short, sharp 

 tubercles. 



Roadsides and cultivated land. 

 Europe ; western 



Galium tricorne. 



— Oct. - Nov 

 Asia. 



2. G. mura.le, All. Small, 

 weak, almost glabrous annual, 

 with slender, erect, or procumbent stems; leaves in 

 whorls of 4-5, oblancoolate, mucronate, rough-ciliate ; 

 flowers greenish-yellow in axillary whorls of 1-3 on very 

 short pedicels, which are recurved in fruit ; carpels linear- 

 oblong, hanging beloM^ the leaves, the outer carpel covered 

 with hooked hairs, the inner one hairy only in the upper 

 part. 



Pasture: Morialta Gully: Strathalbyn : Dublin; 

 Beetaloo. — Sept. -Oct. — INIediterranean region. 



Family 25 VALERIANACE>!E. 



Calyx-limb rolled inwards during flowering; 



corolla-tube spurred; stamen 1 Centeanthtts 1 



Calyx-limb erect. 



Corolla 2-lipped with a lf>ng tube ; 



stamens 2 Fedia 2 



Corolla regular with a short tube; stamens 3 Valep.ianei.la 3 



1. Centr.\nthus, DC. 



(Greek hentron. spur; and anthos, flower.) 



1. Centra.nthus ruber, DC. Red Valerian. 

 Glabrous and glaucous perennial, sometimes 1 m. (3 ft.) 

 high : stems erect, smooth, hollow ; leaves oval-aciiminate 

 or oblong-lanceolate, entire or slightly toothed ; flowers red 

 or white, in dense, 3-branched corymbs, lengthening into 

 an oblong, terminal panicle ; calyx-limb spreading out, after 

 flowering, in a campanidate, feathery pappus; corolla 



