ARACER. 9 
but generally distributed, though perhaps in some cases S. affine has 
been recorded for it. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Summer. 
Stem varying in length, according to the depth of the water, from 
3 to 18 inches long. ‘The leaves are very similar to those of S. affine, 
but of not so bright a green, and a thinner texture; the stem-leaves with 
shorter and less inflated sheaths. Female flower-heads rarely more than 
2, the lower one with a stalk } to 1 inch long, the upper one sessile, 
but frequently all the heads are sessile, or nearly so. Stigma shorter 
and thicker than in S$. affine. Fruit-heads about } inch in diameter. 
Fruit olive-yellow, $ inch long, more swollen in the middle, or a little 
below it, than in S. affine and S. simplex, and more abruptly acumi- 
nated into a beak, which is not above } of the length of the fruit. 
The stalk of the fruit is similar to that of S. simplex, but shorter 
than that of S. affine. 
Small Bur-reed. 
EXCLUDED SPECIES. 
TYPHA MINOR. Sm. 
Engl. Bot. ed. i. No. 1457. 
Reported to have been found on Hounslow Heath, Middlesex, in 
the time of Dillenius, by Mr. Dandridge. It was also said that there 
was a specimen in the herbarium of the Botanic Gardens at Liverpool, 
brought from a large marl pit, to the north of Little Crosby, on the 
Lancashire coast in 1801. It has been reported from Kent, but the 
plant proved to be S. angustifolia. 
ORDER LXXV—ARACES. 
Perennial herbs, with tuberous rhizomes or corms or thickened 
ereeping rhizomes, and with or without stems above ground. Leaves 
alternate or all radical, stalked, with the petiole sheathing at the base; 
the lamina large, variously shaped, entire or pedate, or cut in various 
ways, often cordate or hastate at the base, usually with branching 
and anastomosing veins, or with a central midrib, from which parallel 
veins run to the edge of the leaf, rarely with linear-lorate entire 
parallel-veined leaves, or (in one genus) with ensiform and equitant 
leaves. Flowers unisexual and monecious, rarely perfect, arranged 
VOL. IX. C 
